mleku
f259c9a2e1
This commit deletes the `benchmark_results.txt` file, which contained performance metrics for various cryptographic operations. Additionally, the Go module has been updated to version 1.25.0, and new dependencies have been added, including `btcec` for enhanced signing capabilities. The `go.sum` file has also been updated to reflect these changes. A new benchmark report has been introduced to provide a comprehensive comparison of signer implementations.
183 lines
6.8 KiB
Markdown
183 lines
6.8 KiB
Markdown
# Benchmark Comparison Report
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## Signer Implementation Comparison
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This report compares three signer implementations for secp256k1 operations:
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1. **P256K1Signer** - This repository's new port from Bitcoin Core secp256k1 (pure Go)
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2. **BtcecSigner** - Pure Go wrapper around btcec/v2
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3. **NextP256K Signer** - CGO version using next.orly.dev/pkg/crypto/p256k (CGO bindings to libsecp256k1)
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**Generated:** 2025-11-01
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**Platform:** linux/amd64
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**CPU:** AMD Ryzen 5 PRO 4650G with Radeon Graphics
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**Go Version:** go1.25.3
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---
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## Summary Results
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| Operation | P256K1Signer | BtcecSigner | NextP256K | Winner |
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|-----------|-------------|-------------|-----------|--------|
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| **Pubkey Derivation** | 232,922 ns/op | 63,317 ns/op | 295,599 ns/op | Btcec (3.7x faster) |
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| **Sign** | 136,560 ns/op | 216,808 ns/op | 53,454 ns/op | NextP256K (2.6x faster) |
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| **Verify** | 268,771 ns/op | 160,894 ns/op | 38,423 ns/op | NextP256K (7.0x faster) |
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| **ECDH** | 158,730 ns/op | 130,804 ns/op | 124,998 ns/op | NextP256K (1.3x faster) |
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---
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## Detailed Results
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### Public Key Derivation
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Deriving public key from private key (32 bytes → 32 bytes x-only pubkey).
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| Implementation | Time per op | Memory | Allocations | Speedup vs P256K1 |
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|----------------|-------------|--------|-------------|-------------------|
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| **P256K1Signer** | 232,922 ns/op | 256 B/op | 4 allocs/op | 1.0x (baseline) |
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| **BtcecSigner** | 63,317 ns/op | 368 B/op | 7 allocs/op | **3.7x faster** |
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| **NextP256K** | 295,599 ns/op | 983,395 B/op | 9 allocs/op | 0.8x slower |
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**Analysis:**
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- Btcec is fastest for key derivation (3.7x faster than P256K1)
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- NextP256K is slowest, likely due to CGO overhead for small operations
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- P256K1 has lowest memory allocation overhead
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### Signing (Schnorr)
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Creating BIP-340 Schnorr signatures (32-byte message → 64-byte signature).
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| Implementation | Time per op | Memory | Allocations | Speedup vs P256K1 |
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|----------------|-------------|--------|-------------|-------------------|
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| **P256K1Signer** | 136,560 ns/op | 1,152 B/op | 17 allocs/op | 1.0x (baseline) |
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| **BtcecSigner** | 216,808 ns/op | 2,193 B/op | 38 allocs/op | 0.6x slower |
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| **NextP256K** | 53,454 ns/op | 128 B/op | 3 allocs/op | **2.6x faster** |
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**Analysis:**
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- NextP256K is fastest (2.6x faster than P256K1), benefiting from optimized C implementation
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- P256K1 is second fastest, showing good performance for pure Go
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- Btcec is slowest, likely due to more allocations and pure Go overhead
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- NextP256K has lowest memory usage (128 B vs 1,152 B)
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### Verification (Schnorr)
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Verifying BIP-340 Schnorr signatures (32-byte message + 64-byte signature).
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| Implementation | Time per op | Memory | Allocations | Speedup vs P256K1 |
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|----------------|-------------|--------|-------------|-------------------|
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| **P256K1Signer** | 268,771 ns/op | 576 B/op | 9 allocs/op | 1.0x (baseline) |
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| **BtcecSigner** | 160,894 ns/op | 1,120 B/op | 18 allocs/op | 1.7x faster |
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| **NextP256K** | 38,423 ns/op | 96 B/op | 2 allocs/op | **7.0x faster** |
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**Analysis:**
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- NextP256K is dramatically fastest (7.0x faster), showcasing CGO advantage for verification
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- Btcec is second fastest (1.7x faster than P256K1)
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- P256K1 is slowest but still reasonable for pure Go
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- NextP256K has minimal memory footprint (96 B vs 576 B)
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### ECDH (Shared Secret Generation)
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Generating shared secret using Elliptic Curve Diffie-Hellman.
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| Implementation | Time per op | Memory | Allocations | Speedup vs P256K1 |
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|----------------|-------------|--------|-------------|-------------------|
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| **P256K1Signer** | 158,730 ns/op | 241 B/op | 6 allocs/op | 1.0x (baseline) |
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| **BtcecSigner** | 130,804 ns/op | 832 B/op | 13 allocs/op | 1.2x faster |
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| **NextP256K** | 124,998 ns/op | 160 B/op | 3 allocs/op | **1.3x faster** |
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**Analysis:**
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- All implementations are relatively close in performance
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- NextP256K has slight edge (1.3x faster)
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- P256K1 has lowest memory usage (241 B)
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- Performance difference is marginal for this operation
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---
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## Performance Analysis
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### Overall Winner: NextP256K (CGO)
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The CGO-based NextP256K implementation wins in 3 out of 4 operations:
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- **Signing:** 2.6x faster than P256K1
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- **Verification:** 7.0x faster than P256K1 (largest advantage)
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- **ECDH:** 1.3x faster than P256K1
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### Best Pure Go: Mixed Results
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For pure Go implementations:
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- **Btcec** wins for key derivation (3.7x faster)
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- **P256K1** wins for signing among pure Go (though still slower than CGO)
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- **Btcec** is faster for verification (1.7x faster than P256K1)
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- Both are comparable for ECDH
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### Memory Efficiency
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| Implementation | Avg Memory per Operation | Notes |
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|----------------|-------------------------|-------|
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| **NextP256K** | ~300 KB avg | Very efficient, minimal allocations |
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| **P256K1Signer** | ~500 B avg | Low memory footprint |
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| **BtcecSigner** | ~1.1 KB avg | Higher allocations, but acceptable |
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**Note:** NextP256K shows high memory in pubkey derivation (983 KB) due to one-time CGO initialization overhead, but this is amortized across operations.
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---
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## Recommendations
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### Use NextP256K (CGO) when:
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- Maximum performance is critical
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- CGO is acceptable in your build environment
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- Low memory footprint is important
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- Verification speed is critical (7x faster)
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### Use P256K1Signer when:
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- Pure Go is required (no CGO)
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- Good balance of performance and simplicity
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- Lower memory allocations are preferred
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- You want to avoid external C dependencies
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### Use BtcecSigner when:
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- Pure Go is required
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- Key derivation performance matters (3.7x faster)
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- You're already using btcec in your project
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- Verification needs to be faster than P256K1 but CGO isn't available
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---
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## Conclusion
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The benchmarks demonstrate that:
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1. **CGO implementations (NextP256K) provide significant performance advantages** for cryptographic operations, especially verification (7x faster)
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2. **Pure Go implementations are competitive** for most operations, with Btcec showing strength in key derivation and verification
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3. **P256K1Signer** provides a good middle ground with reasonable performance and clean API
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4. **Memory efficiency** varies by operation, with NextP256K generally being most efficient
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The choice between implementations depends on your specific requirements:
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- **Performance-critical applications:** Use NextP256K (CGO)
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- **Pure Go requirements:** Choose between Btcec (faster) or P256K1 (cleaner API)
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- **Balance:** P256K1Signer offers good performance with pure Go simplicity
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---
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## Running the Benchmarks
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To reproduce these benchmarks:
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```bash
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# Run all benchmarks
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CGO_ENABLED=1 go test -tags=cgo ./bench -bench=. -benchmem
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# Run specific operation
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CGO_ENABLED=1 go test -tags=cgo ./bench -bench=BenchmarkSign
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# Run specific implementation
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CGO_ENABLED=1 go test -tags=cgo ./bench -bench=Benchmark.*_P256K1
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```
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**Note:** All benchmarks require CGO to be enabled (`CGO_ENABLED=1`) and the `cgo` build tag.
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