diff --git a/.github/workflows/commit.yaml b/.github/workflows/commit.yaml
index 5c6a65ed..5f92d5b7 100644
--- a/.github/workflows/commit.yaml
+++ b/.github/workflows/commit.yaml
@@ -33,7 +33,7 @@ jobs:
     steps:
       - name: Install latest wast2json
         run: |  # Needed for build.spectest. wabt includes wast2json.
-          wabt_version=1.0.32
+          wabt_version=1.0.33
           wabt_url=https://github.com/WebAssembly/wabt/releases/download/${wabt_version}/wabt-${wabt_version}-ubuntu.tar.gz
           curl -sSL ${wabt_url} | tar --strip-components 2 -C /usr/local/bin -xzf - wabt-${wabt_version}/bin/wast2json
 
diff --git a/Makefile b/Makefile
index 49decc60..74d24450 100644
--- a/Makefile
+++ b/Makefile
@@ -18,7 +18,6 @@ main_sources  := $(wildcard $(filter-out %_test.go $(all_testdata) $(all_testing
 # Paths need to all start with ./, so we do that manually vs foreach which strips it.
 main_packages := $(sort $(foreach f,$(dir $(main_sources)),$(if $(findstring ./,$(f)),./,./$(f))))
 
-# By default, we don't run with -race as it's costly to run on every PR.
 go_test_options ?= -timeout 300s
 
 ensureCompilerFastest := -ldflags '-X github.com/tetratelabs/wazero/internal/integration_test/vs.ensureCompilerFastest=true'
@@ -119,8 +118,8 @@ spectest_v1_testdata_dir := $(spectest_v1_dir)/testdata
 spec_version_v1 := wg-1.0
 spectest_v2_dir := $(spectest_base_dir)/v2
 spectest_v2_testdata_dir := $(spectest_v2_dir)/testdata
-# Latest draft state as of Dec 16, 2022.
-spec_version_v2 := 1782235239ddebaf2cb079b00fdaa2d2c4dedba3
+# Latest draft state as of May 23, 2023.
+spec_version_v2 := 2e8912e88a3118a46b90e8ccb659e24b4e8f3c23
 
 .PHONY: build.spectest
 build.spectest:
@@ -162,7 +161,7 @@ build.spectest.v2: # Note: SIMD cases are placed in the "simd" subdirectory.
 	@cd $(spectest_v2_testdata_dir) \
 		&& curl -sSL 'https://api.github.com/repos/WebAssembly/spec/contents/test/core/simd?ref=$(spec_version_v2)' | jq -r '.[]| .download_url' | grep -E ".wast" | xargs -Iurl curl -sJL url -O
 	@cd $(spectest_v2_testdata_dir) && for f in `find . -name '*.wast'`; do \
-		wast2json --debug-names $$f; \
+		wast2json --debug-names --no-check $$f; \
 	done
 
 .PHONY: test
diff --git a/internal/integration_test/spectest/v2/testdata/binary-leb128.40.wasm b/internal/integration_test/spectest/v2/testdata/binary-leb128.40.wasm
index b7671952..d098584c 100644
Binary files a/internal/integration_test/spectest/v2/testdata/binary-leb128.40.wasm and b/internal/integration_test/spectest/v2/testdata/binary-leb128.40.wasm differ
diff --git a/internal/integration_test/spectest/v2/testdata/binary-leb128.43.wasm b/internal/integration_test/spectest/v2/testdata/binary-leb128.43.wasm
index c9df8b4f..6e03d8e1 100644
Binary files a/internal/integration_test/spectest/v2/testdata/binary-leb128.43.wasm and b/internal/integration_test/spectest/v2/testdata/binary-leb128.43.wasm differ
diff --git a/internal/integration_test/spectest/v2/testdata/binary-leb128.65.wasm b/internal/integration_test/spectest/v2/testdata/binary-leb128.65.wasm
index 941d25bd..4167a71d 100644
Binary files a/internal/integration_test/spectest/v2/testdata/binary-leb128.65.wasm and b/internal/integration_test/spectest/v2/testdata/binary-leb128.65.wasm differ
diff --git a/internal/integration_test/spectest/v2/testdata/binary-leb128.66.wasm b/internal/integration_test/spectest/v2/testdata/binary-leb128.66.wasm
index 6ffaff42..8c8dde90 100644
Binary files a/internal/integration_test/spectest/v2/testdata/binary-leb128.66.wasm and b/internal/integration_test/spectest/v2/testdata/binary-leb128.66.wasm differ
diff --git a/internal/integration_test/spectest/v2/testdata/binary-leb128.71.wasm b/internal/integration_test/spectest/v2/testdata/binary-leb128.71.wasm
index 3dda6163..ef5d0758 100644
Binary files a/internal/integration_test/spectest/v2/testdata/binary-leb128.71.wasm and b/internal/integration_test/spectest/v2/testdata/binary-leb128.71.wasm differ
diff --git a/internal/integration_test/spectest/v2/testdata/binary-leb128.72.wasm b/internal/integration_test/spectest/v2/testdata/binary-leb128.72.wasm
index 7f5ac870..2e489e5b 100644
Binary files a/internal/integration_test/spectest/v2/testdata/binary-leb128.72.wasm and b/internal/integration_test/spectest/v2/testdata/binary-leb128.72.wasm differ
diff --git a/internal/integration_test/spectest/v2/testdata/binary-leb128.83.wasm b/internal/integration_test/spectest/v2/testdata/binary-leb128.83.wasm
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..ba035c42
Binary files /dev/null and b/internal/integration_test/spectest/v2/testdata/binary-leb128.83.wasm differ
diff --git a/internal/integration_test/spectest/v2/testdata/binary-leb128.84.wasm b/internal/integration_test/spectest/v2/testdata/binary-leb128.84.wasm
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..ea58eecf
Binary files /dev/null and b/internal/integration_test/spectest/v2/testdata/binary-leb128.84.wasm differ
diff --git a/internal/integration_test/spectest/v2/testdata/binary-leb128.85.wasm b/internal/integration_test/spectest/v2/testdata/binary-leb128.85.wasm
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..149a84cb
Binary files /dev/null and b/internal/integration_test/spectest/v2/testdata/binary-leb128.85.wasm differ
diff --git a/internal/integration_test/spectest/v2/testdata/binary-leb128.86.wasm b/internal/integration_test/spectest/v2/testdata/binary-leb128.86.wasm
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..a622a73c
Binary files /dev/null and b/internal/integration_test/spectest/v2/testdata/binary-leb128.86.wasm differ
diff --git a/internal/integration_test/spectest/v2/testdata/binary-leb128.87.wasm b/internal/integration_test/spectest/v2/testdata/binary-leb128.87.wasm
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..b0338b3a
Binary files /dev/null and b/internal/integration_test/spectest/v2/testdata/binary-leb128.87.wasm differ
diff --git a/internal/integration_test/spectest/v2/testdata/binary-leb128.88.wasm b/internal/integration_test/spectest/v2/testdata/binary-leb128.88.wasm
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..a559c85a
Binary files /dev/null and b/internal/integration_test/spectest/v2/testdata/binary-leb128.88.wasm differ
diff --git a/internal/integration_test/spectest/v2/testdata/binary-leb128.89.wasm b/internal/integration_test/spectest/v2/testdata/binary-leb128.89.wasm
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..2e3e63c4
Binary files /dev/null and b/internal/integration_test/spectest/v2/testdata/binary-leb128.89.wasm differ
diff --git a/internal/integration_test/spectest/v2/testdata/binary-leb128.90.wasm b/internal/integration_test/spectest/v2/testdata/binary-leb128.90.wasm
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..99a50b57
Binary files /dev/null and b/internal/integration_test/spectest/v2/testdata/binary-leb128.90.wasm differ
diff --git a/internal/integration_test/spectest/v2/testdata/binary-leb128.json b/internal/integration_test/spectest/v2/testdata/binary-leb128.json
index f493a8c0..dfca63fb 100644
--- a/internal/integration_test/spectest/v2/testdata/binary-leb128.json
+++ b/internal/integration_test/spectest/v2/testdata/binary-leb128.json
@@ -65,21 +65,29 @@
   {"type": "assert_malformed", "line": 686, "filename": "binary-leb128.62.wasm", "text": "integer too large", "module_type": "binary"}, 
   {"type": "assert_malformed", "line": 702, "filename": "binary-leb128.63.wasm", "text": "integer too large", "module_type": "binary"}, 
   {"type": "assert_malformed", "line": 718, "filename": "binary-leb128.64.wasm", "text": "integer too large", "module_type": "binary"}, 
-  {"type": "assert_malformed", "line": 731, "filename": "binary-leb128.65.wasm", "text": "integer too large", "module_type": "binary"}, 
-  {"type": "assert_malformed", "line": 750, "filename": "binary-leb128.66.wasm", "text": "integer too large", "module_type": "binary"}, 
-  {"type": "assert_malformed", "line": 769, "filename": "binary-leb128.67.wasm", "text": "integer too large", "module_type": "binary"}, 
-  {"type": "assert_malformed", "line": 787, "filename": "binary-leb128.68.wasm", "text": "integer too large", "module_type": "binary"}, 
-  {"type": "assert_malformed", "line": 806, "filename": "binary-leb128.69.wasm", "text": "integer too large", "module_type": "binary"}, 
-  {"type": "assert_malformed", "line": 825, "filename": "binary-leb128.70.wasm", "text": "integer too large", "module_type": "binary"}, 
-  {"type": "assert_malformed", "line": 844, "filename": "binary-leb128.71.wasm", "text": "integer too large", "module_type": "binary"}, 
-  {"type": "assert_malformed", "line": 863, "filename": "binary-leb128.72.wasm", "text": "integer too large", "module_type": "binary"}, 
-  {"type": "assert_malformed", "line": 885, "filename": "binary-leb128.73.wasm", "text": "integer too large", "module_type": "binary"}, 
-  {"type": "assert_malformed", "line": 895, "filename": "binary-leb128.74.wasm", "text": "integer too large", "module_type": "binary"}, 
-  {"type": "assert_malformed", "line": 905, "filename": "binary-leb128.75.wasm", "text": "integer too large", "module_type": "binary"}, 
-  {"type": "assert_malformed", "line": 915, "filename": "binary-leb128.76.wasm", "text": "integer too large", "module_type": "binary"}, 
-  {"type": "assert_malformed", "line": 926, "filename": "binary-leb128.77.wasm", "text": "integer too large", "module_type": "binary"}, 
-  {"type": "assert_malformed", "line": 936, "filename": "binary-leb128.78.wasm", "text": "integer too large", "module_type": "binary"}, 
-  {"type": "assert_malformed", "line": 946, "filename": "binary-leb128.79.wasm", "text": "integer too large", "module_type": "binary"}, 
-  {"type": "assert_malformed", "line": 956, "filename": "binary-leb128.80.wasm", "text": "integer too large", "module_type": "binary"}, 
-  {"type": "module", "line": 967, "filename": "binary-leb128.81.wasm"}, 
-  {"type": "assert_malformed", "line": 988, "filename": "binary-leb128.82.wasm", "text": "integer representation too long", "module_type": "binary"}]}
+  {"type": "assert_malformed", "line": 731, "filename": "binary-leb128.65.wasm", "text": "integer representation too long", "module_type": "binary"}, 
+  {"type": "assert_malformed", "line": 751, "filename": "binary-leb128.66.wasm", "text": "integer representation too long", "module_type": "binary"}, 
+  {"type": "assert_malformed", "line": 771, "filename": "binary-leb128.67.wasm", "text": "integer too large", "module_type": "binary"}, 
+  {"type": "assert_malformed", "line": 789, "filename": "binary-leb128.68.wasm", "text": "integer too large", "module_type": "binary"}, 
+  {"type": "assert_malformed", "line": 808, "filename": "binary-leb128.69.wasm", "text": "integer too large", "module_type": "binary"}, 
+  {"type": "assert_malformed", "line": 827, "filename": "binary-leb128.70.wasm", "text": "integer too large", "module_type": "binary"}, 
+  {"type": "assert_malformed", "line": 846, "filename": "binary-leb128.71.wasm", "text": "integer representation too long", "module_type": "binary"}, 
+  {"type": "assert_malformed", "line": 866, "filename": "binary-leb128.72.wasm", "text": "integer representation too long", "module_type": "binary"}, 
+  {"type": "assert_malformed", "line": 888, "filename": "binary-leb128.73.wasm", "text": "integer too large", "module_type": "binary"}, 
+  {"type": "assert_malformed", "line": 898, "filename": "binary-leb128.74.wasm", "text": "integer too large", "module_type": "binary"}, 
+  {"type": "assert_malformed", "line": 908, "filename": "binary-leb128.75.wasm", "text": "integer too large", "module_type": "binary"}, 
+  {"type": "assert_malformed", "line": 918, "filename": "binary-leb128.76.wasm", "text": "integer too large", "module_type": "binary"}, 
+  {"type": "assert_malformed", "line": 929, "filename": "binary-leb128.77.wasm", "text": "integer too large", "module_type": "binary"}, 
+  {"type": "assert_malformed", "line": 939, "filename": "binary-leb128.78.wasm", "text": "integer too large", "module_type": "binary"}, 
+  {"type": "assert_malformed", "line": 949, "filename": "binary-leb128.79.wasm", "text": "integer too large", "module_type": "binary"}, 
+  {"type": "assert_malformed", "line": 959, "filename": "binary-leb128.80.wasm", "text": "integer too large", "module_type": "binary"}, 
+  {"type": "module", "line": 969, "filename": "binary-leb128.81.wasm"}, 
+  {"type": "assert_malformed", "line": 990, "filename": "binary-leb128.82.wasm", "text": "integer representation too long", "module_type": "binary"}, 
+  {"type": "module", "line": 1007, "filename": "binary-leb128.83.wasm"}, 
+  {"type": "module", "line": 1015, "filename": "binary-leb128.84.wasm"}, 
+  {"type": "module", "line": 1024, "filename": "binary-leb128.85.wasm"}, 
+  {"type": "module", "line": 1035, "filename": "binary-leb128.86.wasm"}, 
+  {"type": "module", "line": 1043, "filename": "binary-leb128.87.wasm"}, 
+  {"type": "module", "line": 1052, "filename": "binary-leb128.88.wasm"}, 
+  {"type": "module", "line": 1061, "filename": "binary-leb128.89.wasm"}, 
+  {"type": "assert_malformed", "line": 1073, "filename": "binary-leb128.90.wasm", "text": "integer representation too long", "module_type": "binary"}]}
diff --git a/internal/integration_test/spectest/v2/testdata/binary-leb128.wast b/internal/integration_test/spectest/v2/testdata/binary-leb128.wast
index 1b642261..335496f0 100644
--- a/internal/integration_test/spectest/v2/testdata/binary-leb128.wast
+++ b/internal/integration_test/spectest/v2/testdata/binary-leb128.wast
@@ -404,19 +404,19 @@
 (assert_malformed
   (module binary
     "\00asm" "\01\00\00\00"
-    "\01\04\01\60\00\00"       ;; Type section
-    "\03\02\01\00"             ;; Function section
-    "\05\03\01\00\01"          ;; Memory section
-    "\0a\11\01"                ;; Code section
+    "\01\04\01\60\00\00"                 ;; Type section
+    "\03\02\01\00"                       ;; Function section
+    "\05\03\01\00\01"                    ;; Memory section
+    "\0a\11\01"                          ;; Code section
     ;; function 0
-    "\0f\01\01"                ;; local type count
-    "\7f"                      ;; i32
-    "\41\00"                   ;; i32.const 0
-    "\28"                      ;; i32.load
-    "\02"                      ;; alignment 2
-    "\82\80\80\80\80\00"       ;; offset 2 with one byte too many
-    "\1a"                      ;; drop
-    "\0b"                      ;; end
+    "\0f\01\01"                          ;; local type count
+    "\7f"                                ;; i32
+    "\41\00"                             ;; i32.const 0
+    "\28"                                ;; i32.load
+    "\02"                                ;; alignment 2
+    "\82\80\80\80\80\80\80\80\80\80\00"  ;; offset 2 with one byte too many
+    "\1a"                                ;; drop
+    "\0b"                                ;; end
   )
   "integer representation too long"
 )
@@ -461,19 +461,19 @@
 (assert_malformed
   (module binary
     "\00asm" "\01\00\00\00"
-    "\01\04\01\60\00\00"       ;; Type section
-    "\03\02\01\00"             ;; Function section
-    "\05\03\01\00\01"          ;; Memory section
-    "\0a\12\01"                ;; Code section
+    "\01\04\01\60\00\00"                 ;; Type section
+    "\03\02\01\00"                       ;; Function section
+    "\05\03\01\00\01"                    ;; Memory section
+    "\0a\12\01"                          ;; Code section
     ;; function 0
-    "\10\01\01"                ;; local type count
-    "\7f"                      ;; i32
-    "\41\00"                   ;; i32.const 0
-    "\41\03"                   ;; i32.const 3
-    "\36"                      ;; i32.store
-    "\02"                      ;; alignment 2
-    "\82\80\80\80\80\00"       ;; offset 2 with one byte too many
-    "\0b"                      ;; end
+    "\10\01\01"                          ;; local type count
+    "\7f"                                ;; i32
+    "\41\00"                             ;; i32.const 0
+    "\41\03"                             ;; i32.const 3
+    "\36"                                ;; i32.store
+    "\02"                                ;; alignment 2
+    "\82\80\80\80\80\80\80\80\80\80\00"  ;; offset 2 with one byte too many
+    "\0b"                                ;; end
   )
   "integer representation too long"
 )
@@ -730,40 +730,42 @@
 (assert_malformed
   (module binary
     "\00asm" "\01\00\00\00"
-    "\01\04\01\60\00\00"       ;; Type section
-    "\03\02\01\00"             ;; Function section
-    "\05\03\01\00\01"          ;; Memory section
-    "\0a\10\01"                ;; Code section
+    "\01\04\01\60\00\00"              ;; Type section
+    "\03\02\01\00"                    ;; Function section
+    "\05\03\01\00\01"                 ;; Memory section
+    "\0a\10\01"                       ;; Code section
     ;; function 0
-    "\0e\01\01"                ;; local type count
-    "\7f"                      ;; i32
-    "\41\00"                   ;; i32.const 0
-    "\28"                      ;; i32.load
-    "\02"                      ;; alignment 2
-    "\82\80\80\80\10"          ;; offset 2 with unused bits set
-    "\1a"                      ;; drop
-    "\0b"                      ;; end
+    "\0e\01\01"                       ;; local type count
+    "\7f"                             ;; i32
+    "\41\00"                          ;; i32.const 0
+    "\28"                             ;; i32.load
+    "\02"                             ;; alignment 2
+    "\82\80\80\80\80\80\80\80\80\10"  ;; offset 2 with unused bits set
+    "\1a"                             ;; drop
+    "\0b"                             ;; end
   )
-  "integer too large"
+  ;; TODO: This changes to "integer too large" with memory64.
+  "integer representation too long"
 )
 (assert_malformed
   (module binary
     "\00asm" "\01\00\00\00"
-    "\01\04\01\60\00\00"       ;; Type section
-    "\03\02\01\00"             ;; Function section
-    "\05\03\01\00\01"          ;; Memory section
-    "\0a\10\01"                ;; Code section
+    "\01\04\01\60\00\00"              ;; Type section
+    "\03\02\01\00"                    ;; Function section
+    "\05\03\01\00\01"                 ;; Memory section
+    "\0a\10\01"                       ;; Code section
     ;; function 0
-    "\0e\01\01"                ;; local type count
-    "\7f"                      ;; i32
-    "\41\00"                   ;; i32.const 0
-    "\28"                      ;; i32.load
-    "\02"                      ;; alignment 2
-    "\82\80\80\80\40"          ;; offset 2 with some unused bits set
-    "\1a"                      ;; drop
-    "\0b"                      ;; end
+    "\0e\01\01"                       ;; local type count
+    "\7f"                             ;; i32
+    "\41\00"                          ;; i32.const 0
+    "\28"                             ;; i32.load
+    "\02"                             ;; alignment 2
+    "\82\80\80\80\80\80\80\80\80\40"  ;; offset 2 with some unused bits set
+    "\1a"                             ;; drop
+    "\0b"                             ;; end
   )
-  "integer too large"
+  ;; TODO: This changes to "integer too large" with memory64.
+  "integer representation too long"
 )
 (assert_malformed
   (module binary
@@ -843,41 +845,42 @@
 (assert_malformed
   (module binary
     "\00asm" "\01\00\00\00"
-    "\01\04\01\60\00\00"       ;; Type section
-    "\03\02\01\00"             ;; Function section
-    "\05\03\01\00\01"          ;; Memory section
-    "\0a\11\01"                ;; Code section
+    "\01\04\01\60\00\00"              ;; Type section
+    "\03\02\01\00"                    ;; Function section
+    "\05\03\01\00\01"                 ;; Memory section
+    "\0a\11\01"                       ;; Code section
     ;; function 0
-    "\0f\01\01"                ;; local type count
-    "\7f"                      ;; i32
-    "\41\00"                   ;; i32.const 0
-    "\41\03"                   ;; i32.const 3
-    "\36"                      ;; i32.store
-    "\02"                      ;; alignment 2
-    "\82\80\80\80\10"          ;; offset 2 with unused bits set
-    "\0b"                      ;; end
+    "\0f\01\01"                       ;; local type count
+    "\7f"                             ;; i32
+    "\41\00"                          ;; i32.const 0
+    "\41\03"                          ;; i32.const 3
+    "\36"                             ;; i32.store
+    "\02"                             ;; alignment 2
+    "\82\80\80\80\80\80\80\80\80\10"  ;; offset 2 with unused bits set
+    "\0b"                             ;; end
   )
-  "integer too large"
+  ;; TODO: This changes to "integer too large" with memory64.
+  "integer representation too long"
 )
 (assert_malformed
   (module binary
     "\00asm" "\01\00\00\00"
-    "\01\04\01\60\00\00"       ;; Type section
-    "\03\02\01\00"             ;; Function section
-    "\05\03\01\00\01"          ;; Memory section
-    "\0a\11\01"                ;; Code section
-
+    "\01\04\01\60\00\00"              ;; Type section
+    "\03\02\01\00"                    ;; Function section
+    "\05\03\01\00\01"                 ;; Memory section
+    "\0a\11\01"                       ;; Code section
     ;; function 0
-    "\0f\01\01"                ;; local type count
-    "\7f"                      ;; i32
-    "\41\00"                   ;; i32.const 0
-    "\41\03"                   ;; i32.const 3
-    "\36"                      ;; i32.store
-    "\02"                      ;; alignment 2
-    "\82\80\80\80\40"          ;; offset 2 with some unused bits set
-    "\0b"                      ;; end
+    "\0f\01\01"                       ;; local type count
+    "\7f"                             ;; i32
+    "\41\00"                          ;; i32.const 0
+    "\41\03"                          ;; i32.const 3
+    "\36"                             ;; i32.store
+    "\02"                             ;; alignment 2
+    "\82\80\80\80\80\80\80\80\80\40"  ;; offset 2 with some unused bits set
+    "\0b"                             ;; end
   )
-  "integer too large"
+  ;; TODO: This changes to "integer too large" with memory64.
+  "integer representation too long"
 )
 
 ;; Signed LEB128s sign-extend
@@ -963,7 +966,6 @@
   "integer too large"
 )
 
-
 (module binary
   "\00asm" "\01\00\00\00"
   "\01\04\01"                          ;; type section
@@ -1000,3 +1002,81 @@
   )
   "integer representation too long"
 )
+
+;; Data segment tags and memory index can have non-minimal length
+(module binary
+  "\00asm" "\01\00\00\00"
+  "\05\03\01"                          ;; Memory section with 1 entry
+  "\00\00"                             ;; no max, minimum 0
+  "\0b\07\01"                          ;; Data section with 1 entry
+  "\80\00"                             ;; Active segment, encoded with 2 bytes
+  "\41\00\0b\00"                       ;; (i32.const 0) with contents ""
+)
+(module binary
+  "\00asm" "\01\00\00\00"
+  "\05\03\01"                          ;; Memory section with 1 entry
+  "\00\00"                             ;; no max, minimum 0
+  "\0b\08\01"                          ;; Data section with 1 entry
+  "\82\00"                             ;; Active segment, encoded with 2 bytes
+  "\00"                                ;; explicit memory index
+  "\41\00\0b\00"                       ;; (i32.const 0) with contents ""
+)
+(module binary
+  "\00asm" "\01\00\00\00"
+  "\05\03\01"                          ;; Memory section with 1 entry
+  "\00\00"                             ;; no max, minimum 0
+  "\0b\09\01"                          ;; Data section with 1 entry
+  "\82\00"                             ;; Active segment, encoded with 2 bytes
+  "\80\00"                             ;; explicit memory index, encoded with 2 bytes
+  "\41\00\0b\00"                       ;; (i32.const 0) with contents ""
+)
+
+;; Element segment tags and table index can have non-minimal length
+(module binary
+  "\00asm" "\01\00\00\00"
+  "\04\04\01"                          ;; Table section with 1 entry
+  "\70\00\00"                          ;; no max, minimum 0, funcref
+  "\09\07\01"                          ;; Element section with 1 entry
+  "\80\00"                             ;; Active segment
+  "\41\00\0b\00"                       ;; (i32.const 0) with no elements
+)
+(module binary
+  "\00asm" "\01\00\00\00"
+  "\04\04\01"                          ;; Table section with 1 entry
+  "\70\00\00"                          ;; no max, minimum 0, funcref
+  "\09\09\01"                          ;; Element section with 1 entry
+  "\02"                                ;; Active segment
+  "\80\00"                             ;; explicit table index, encoded with 2 bytes
+  "\41\00\0b\00\00"                    ;; (i32.const 0) with no elements
+)
+(module binary
+  "\00asm" "\01\00\00\00"
+  "\04\04\01"                          ;; Table section with 1 entry
+  "\70\00\00"                          ;; no max, minimum 0, funcref
+  "\09\09\01"                          ;; Element section with 1 entry
+  "\82\00"                             ;; Active segment, encoded with 2 bytes
+  "\00"                                ;; explicit table index
+  "\41\00\0b\00\00"                    ;; (i32.const 0) with no elements
+)
+(module binary
+  "\00asm" "\01\00\00\00"
+  "\04\04\01"                          ;; Table section with 1 entry
+  "\70\00\00"                          ;; no max, minimum 0, funcref
+  "\09\0a\01"                          ;; Element section with 1 entry
+  "\82\00"                             ;; Active segment, encoded with 2 bytes
+  "\80\00"                             ;; explicit table index, encoded with 2 bytes
+  "\41\00\0b\00\00"                    ;; (i32.const 0) with no elements
+)
+
+;; Type section with signed LEB128 encoded type
+(assert_malformed
+  (module binary
+    "\00asm" "\01\00\00\00"
+    "\01"                     ;; Type section id
+    "\05"                     ;; Type section length
+    "\01"                     ;; Types vector length
+    "\e0\7f"                  ;; Malformed functype, -0x20 in signed LEB128 encoding
+    "\00\00"
+  )
+  "integer representation too long"
+)
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diff --git a/internal/integration_test/spectest/v2/testdata/binary.99.wasm b/internal/integration_test/spectest/v2/testdata/binary.99.wasm
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diff --git a/internal/integration_test/spectest/v2/testdata/binary.json b/internal/integration_test/spectest/v2/testdata/binary.json
index 89eed8cc..73767d65 100644
--- a/internal/integration_test/spectest/v2/testdata/binary.json
+++ b/internal/integration_test/spectest/v2/testdata/binary.json
@@ -37,143 +37,78 @@
   {"type": "assert_malformed", "line": 50, "filename": "binary.34.wasm", "text": "malformed section id", "module_type": "binary"}, 
   {"type": "assert_malformed", "line": 51, "filename": "binary.35.wasm", "text": "malformed section id", "module_type": "binary"}, 
   {"type": "assert_malformed", "line": 52, "filename": "binary.36.wasm", "text": "malformed section id", "module_type": "binary"}, 
-  {"type": "module", "line": 55, "filename": "binary.37.wasm"}, 
-  {"type": "module", "line": 60, "filename": "binary.38.wasm"}, 
-  {"type": "module", "line": 67, "filename": "binary.39.wasm"}, 
-  {"type": "module", "line": 74, "filename": "binary.40.wasm"}, 
-  {"type": "module", "line": 81, "filename": "binary.41.wasm"}, 
-  {"type": "module", "line": 88, "filename": "binary.42.wasm"}, 
-  {"type": "module", "line": 96, "filename": "binary.43.wasm"}, 
-  {"type": "module", "line": 103, "filename": "binary.44.wasm"}, 
-  {"type": "module", "line": 110, "filename": "binary.45.wasm"}, 
-  {"type": "module", "line": 117, "filename": "binary.46.wasm"}, 
-  {"type": "module", "line": 125, "filename": "binary.47.wasm"}, 
-  {"type": "module", "line": 134, "filename": "binary.48.wasm"}, 
-  {"type": "module", "line": 144, "filename": "binary.49.wasm"}, 
-  {"type": "module", "line": 152, "filename": "binary.50.wasm"}, 
-  {"type": "module", "line": 161, "filename": "binary.51.wasm"}, 
-  {"type": "module", "line": 172, "filename": "binary.52.wasm"}, 
-  {"type": "module", "line": 180, "filename": "binary.53.wasm"}, 
-  {"type": "module", "line": 189, "filename": "binary.54.wasm"}, 
-  {"type": "module", "line": 198, "filename": "binary.55.wasm"}, 
-  {"type": "assert_malformed", "line": 210, "filename": "binary.56.wasm", "text": "integer representation too long", "module_type": "binary"}, 
-  {"type": "assert_malformed", "line": 223, "filename": "binary.57.wasm", "text": "integer representation too long", "module_type": "binary"}, 
-  {"type": "assert_malformed", "line": 233, "filename": "binary.58.wasm", "text": "integer representation too long", "module_type": "binary"}, 
-  {"type": "assert_malformed", "line": 243, "filename": "binary.59.wasm", "text": "integer representation too long", "module_type": "binary"}, 
-  {"type": "assert_malformed", "line": 254, "filename": "binary.60.wasm", "text": "integer representation too long", "module_type": "binary"}, 
-  {"type": "assert_malformed", "line": 264, "filename": "binary.61.wasm", "text": "integer representation too long", "module_type": "binary"}, 
-  {"type": "assert_malformed", "line": 276, "filename": "binary.62.wasm", "text": "integer too large", "module_type": "binary"}, 
-  {"type": "assert_malformed", "line": 284, "filename": "binary.63.wasm", "text": "integer too large", "module_type": "binary"}, 
-  {"type": "assert_malformed", "line": 294, "filename": "binary.64.wasm", "text": "integer too large", "module_type": "binary"}, 
-  {"type": "assert_malformed", "line": 304, "filename": "binary.65.wasm", "text": "integer too large", "module_type": "binary"}, 
-  {"type": "assert_malformed", "line": 314, "filename": "binary.66.wasm", "text": "integer too large", "module_type": "binary"}, 
-  {"type": "assert_malformed", "line": 324, "filename": "binary.67.wasm", "text": "integer too large", "module_type": "binary"}, 
-  {"type": "assert_malformed", "line": 335, "filename": "binary.68.wasm", "text": "integer too large", "module_type": "binary"}, 
-  {"type": "assert_malformed", "line": 345, "filename": "binary.69.wasm", "text": "integer too large", "module_type": "binary"}, 
-  {"type": "assert_malformed", "line": 355, "filename": "binary.70.wasm", "text": "integer too large", "module_type": "binary"}, 
-  {"type": "assert_malformed", "line": 365, "filename": "binary.71.wasm", "text": "integer too large", "module_type": "binary"}, 
-  {"type": "assert_malformed", "line": 376, "filename": "binary.72.wasm", "text": "integer too large", "module_type": "binary"}, 
-  {"type": "assert_malformed", "line": 386, "filename": "binary.73.wasm", "text": "integer too large", "module_type": "binary"}, 
-  {"type": "assert_malformed", "line": 396, "filename": "binary.74.wasm", "text": "integer too large", "module_type": "binary"}, 
-  {"type": "assert_malformed", "line": 406, "filename": "binary.75.wasm", "text": "integer too large", "module_type": "binary"}, 
-  {"type": "assert_malformed", "line": 418, "filename": "binary.76.wasm", "text": "END opcode expected", "module_type": "binary"}, 
-  {"type": "assert_malformed", "line": 439, "filename": "binary.77.wasm", "text": "unexpected end of section or function", "module_type": "binary"}, 
-  {"type": "assert_malformed", "line": 455, "filename": "binary.78.wasm", "text": "section size mismatch", "module_type": "binary"}, 
-  {"type": "assert_malformed", "line": 475, "filename": "binary.79.wasm", "text": "integer representation too long", "module_type": "binary"}, 
-  {"type": "assert_malformed", "line": 483, "filename": "binary.80.wasm", "text": "integer representation too long", "module_type": "binary"}, 
-  {"type": "assert_malformed", "line": 502, "filename": "binary.81.wasm", "text": "integer representation too long", "module_type": "binary"}, 
-  {"type": "assert_malformed", "line": 521, "filename": "binary.82.wasm", "text": "integer representation too long", "module_type": "binary"}, 
-  {"type": "assert_malformed", "line": 540, "filename": "binary.83.wasm", "text": "integer representation too long", "module_type": "binary"}, 
-  {"type": "assert_malformed", "line": 561, "filename": "binary.84.wasm", "text": "integer representation too long", "module_type": "binary"}, 
-  {"type": "assert_malformed", "line": 571, "filename": "binary.85.wasm", "text": "integer representation too long", "module_type": "binary"}, 
-  {"type": "assert_malformed", "line": 582, "filename": "binary.86.wasm", "text": "integer representation too long", "module_type": "binary"}, 
-  {"type": "assert_malformed", "line": 592, "filename": "binary.87.wasm", "text": "integer representation too long", "module_type": "binary"}, 
-  {"type": "assert_malformed", "line": 604, "filename": "binary.88.wasm", "text": "integer too large", "module_type": "binary"}, 
-  {"type": "assert_malformed", "line": 612, "filename": "binary.89.wasm", "text": "integer too large", "module_type": "binary"}, 
-  {"type": "assert_malformed", "line": 620, "filename": "binary.90.wasm", "text": "integer too large", "module_type": "binary"}, 
-  {"type": "assert_malformed", "line": 639, "filename": "binary.91.wasm", "text": "integer too large", "module_type": "binary"}, 
-  {"type": "assert_malformed", "line": 658, "filename": "binary.92.wasm", "text": "integer too large", "module_type": "binary"}, 
-  {"type": "assert_malformed", "line": 676, "filename": "binary.93.wasm", "text": "integer too large", "module_type": "binary"}, 
-  {"type": "assert_malformed", "line": 695, "filename": "binary.94.wasm", "text": "integer too large", "module_type": "binary"}, 
-  {"type": "assert_malformed", "line": 714, "filename": "binary.95.wasm", "text": "integer too large", "module_type": "binary"}, 
-  {"type": "assert_malformed", "line": 733, "filename": "binary.96.wasm", "text": "integer too large", "module_type": "binary"}, 
-  {"type": "assert_malformed", "line": 752, "filename": "binary.97.wasm", "text": "integer too large", "module_type": "binary"}, 
-  {"type": "assert_malformed", "line": 774, "filename": "binary.98.wasm", "text": "integer too large", "module_type": "binary"}, 
-  {"type": "assert_malformed", "line": 784, "filename": "binary.99.wasm", "text": "integer too large", "module_type": "binary"}, 
-  {"type": "assert_malformed", "line": 794, "filename": "binary.100.wasm", "text": "integer too large", "module_type": "binary"}, 
-  {"type": "assert_malformed", "line": 804, "filename": "binary.101.wasm", "text": "integer too large", "module_type": "binary"}, 
-  {"type": "assert_malformed", "line": 815, "filename": "binary.102.wasm", "text": "integer too large", "module_type": "binary"}, 
-  {"type": "assert_malformed", "line": 825, "filename": "binary.103.wasm", "text": "integer too large", "module_type": "binary"}, 
-  {"type": "assert_malformed", "line": 835, "filename": "binary.104.wasm", "text": "integer too large", "module_type": "binary"}, 
-  {"type": "assert_malformed", "line": 845, "filename": "binary.105.wasm", "text": "integer too large", "module_type": "binary"}, 
-  {"type": "assert_malformed", "line": 857, "filename": "binary.106.wasm", "text": "zero byte expected", "module_type": "binary"}, 
-  {"type": "assert_malformed", "line": 877, "filename": "binary.107.wasm", "text": "zero byte expected", "module_type": "binary"}, 
-  {"type": "assert_malformed", "line": 897, "filename": "binary.108.wasm", "text": "zero byte expected", "module_type": "binary"}, 
-  {"type": "assert_malformed", "line": 916, "filename": "binary.109.wasm", "text": "zero byte expected", "module_type": "binary"}, 
-  {"type": "assert_malformed", "line": 935, "filename": "binary.110.wasm", "text": "zero byte expected", "module_type": "binary"}, 
-  {"type": "assert_malformed", "line": 955, "filename": "binary.111.wasm", "text": "zero byte expected", "module_type": "binary"}, 
-  {"type": "assert_malformed", "line": 974, "filename": "binary.112.wasm", "text": "zero byte expected", "module_type": "binary"}, 
-  {"type": "assert_malformed", "line": 993, "filename": "binary.113.wasm", "text": "zero byte expected", "module_type": "binary"}, 
-  {"type": "assert_malformed", "line": 1011, "filename": "binary.114.wasm", "text": "zero byte expected", "module_type": "binary"}, 
-  {"type": "assert_malformed", "line": 1029, "filename": "binary.115.wasm", "text": "zero byte expected", "module_type": "binary"}, 
-  {"type": "assert_malformed", "line": 1048, "filename": "binary.116.wasm", "text": "integer too large", "module_type": "binary"}, 
-  {"type": "assert_malformed", "line": 1065, "filename": "binary.117.wasm", "text": "integer too large", "module_type": "binary"}, 
-  {"type": "assert_malformed", "line": 1082, "filename": "binary.118.wasm", "text": "too many locals", "module_type": "binary"}, 
-  {"type": "assert_malformed", "line": 1098, "filename": "binary.119.wasm", "text": "too many locals", "module_type": "binary"}, 
-  {"type": "module", "line": 1116, "filename": "binary.120.wasm"}, 
-  {"type": "assert_malformed", "line": 1132, "filename": "binary.121.wasm", "text": "function and code section have inconsistent lengths", "module_type": "binary"}, 
-  {"type": "assert_malformed", "line": 1142, "filename": "binary.122.wasm", "text": "function and code section have inconsistent lengths", "module_type": "binary"}, 
-  {"type": "assert_malformed", "line": 1151, "filename": "binary.123.wasm", "text": "function and code section have inconsistent lengths", "module_type": "binary"}, 
-  {"type": "assert_malformed", "line": 1162, "filename": "binary.124.wasm", "text": "function and code section have inconsistent lengths", "module_type": "binary"}, 
-  {"type": "module", "line": 1172, "filename": "binary.125.wasm"}, 
-  {"type": "module", "line": 1178, "filename": "binary.126.wasm"}, 
-  {"type": "assert_malformed", "line": 1185, "filename": "binary.127.wasm", "text": "data count and data section have inconsistent lengths", "module_type": "binary"}, 
-  {"type": "assert_malformed", "line": 1195, "filename": "binary.128.wasm", "text": "data count and data section have inconsistent lengths", "module_type": "binary"}, 
-  {"type": "assert_malformed", "line": 1205, "filename": "binary.129.wasm", "text": "data count section required", "module_type": "binary"}, 
-  {"type": "assert_malformed", "line": 1227, "filename": "binary.130.wasm", "text": "data count section required", "module_type": "binary"}, 
-  {"type": "assert_malformed", "line": 1246, "filename": "binary.131.wasm", "text": "illegal opcode", "module_type": "binary"}, 
-  {"type": "assert_malformed", "line": 1272, "filename": "binary.132.wasm", "text": "malformed reference type", "module_type": "binary"}, 
-  {"type": "module", "line": 1297, "filename": "binary.133.wasm"}, 
-  {"type": "module", "line": 1321, "filename": "binary.134.wasm"}, 
-  {"type": "module", "line": 1346, "filename": "binary.135.wasm"}, 
-  {"type": "assert_malformed", "line": 1353, "filename": "binary.136.wasm", "text": "length out of bounds", "module_type": "binary"}, 
-  {"type": "assert_malformed", "line": 1364, "filename": "binary.137.wasm", "text": "section size mismatch", "module_type": "binary"}, 
-  {"type": "module", "line": 1374, "filename": "binary.138.wasm"}, 
-  {"type": "assert_malformed", "line": 1383, "filename": "binary.139.wasm", "text": "malformed import kind", "module_type": "binary"}, 
-  {"type": "assert_malformed", "line": 1393, "filename": "binary.140.wasm", "text": "malformed import kind", "module_type": "binary"}, 
-  {"type": "assert_malformed", "line": 1404, "filename": "binary.141.wasm", "text": "malformed import kind", "module_type": "binary"}, 
-  {"type": "assert_malformed", "line": 1414, "filename": "binary.142.wasm", "text": "malformed import kind", "module_type": "binary"}, 
-  {"type": "assert_malformed", "line": 1425, "filename": "binary.143.wasm", "text": "malformed import kind", "module_type": "binary"}, 
-  {"type": "assert_malformed", "line": 1435, "filename": "binary.144.wasm", "text": "malformed import kind", "module_type": "binary"}, 
-  {"type": "assert_malformed", "line": 1448, "filename": "binary.145.wasm", "text": "unexpected end of section or function", "module_type": "binary"}, 
-  {"type": "assert_malformed", "line": 1467, "filename": "binary.146.wasm", "text": "section size mismatch", "module_type": "binary"}, 
-  {"type": "module", "line": 1491, "filename": "binary.147.wasm"}, 
-  {"type": "assert_malformed", "line": 1498, "filename": "binary.148.wasm", "text": "unexpected end of section or function", "module_type": "binary"}, 
-  {"type": "assert_malformed", "line": 1508, "filename": "binary.149.wasm", "text": "integer too large", "module_type": "binary"}, 
-  {"type": "assert_malformed", "line": 1517, "filename": "binary.150.wasm", "text": "integer too large", "module_type": "binary"}, 
-  {"type": "assert_malformed", "line": 1527, "filename": "binary.151.wasm", "text": "integer representation too long", "module_type": "binary"}, 
-  {"type": "module", "line": 1538, "filename": "binary.152.wasm"}, 
-  {"type": "assert_malformed", "line": 1545, "filename": "binary.153.wasm", "text": "unexpected end of section or function", "module_type": "binary"}, 
-  {"type": "assert_malformed", "line": 1555, "filename": "binary.154.wasm", "text": "integer too large", "module_type": "binary"}, 
-  {"type": "assert_malformed", "line": 1563, "filename": "binary.155.wasm", "text": "integer too large", "module_type": "binary"}, 
-  {"type": "assert_malformed", "line": 1572, "filename": "binary.156.wasm", "text": "integer representation too long", "module_type": "binary"}, 
-  {"type": "assert_malformed", "line": 1581, "filename": "binary.157.wasm", "text": "integer representation too long", "module_type": "binary"}, 
-  {"type": "module", "line": 1591, "filename": "binary.158.wasm"}, 
-  {"type": "assert_malformed", "line": 1598, "filename": "binary.159.wasm", "text": "unexpected end of section or function", "module_type": "binary"}, 
-  {"type": "assert_malformed", "line": 1609, "filename": "binary.160.wasm", "text": "section size mismatch", "module_type": "binary"}, 
-  {"type": "module", "line": 1619, "filename": "binary.161.wasm"}, 
-  {"type": "assert_malformed", "line": 1632, "filename": "binary.162.wasm", "text": "length out of bounds", "module_type": "binary"}, 
-  {"type": "assert_malformed", "line": 1653, "filename": "binary.163.wasm", "text": "section size mismatch", "module_type": "binary"}, 
-  {"type": "module", "line": 1673, "filename": "binary.164.wasm"}, 
-  {"type": "assert_malformed", "line": 1687, "filename": "binary.165.wasm", "text": "unexpected end", "module_type": "binary"}, 
-  {"type": "assert_malformed", "line": 1703, "filename": "binary.166.wasm", "text": "unexpected end", "module_type": "binary"}, 
-  {"type": "assert_malformed", "line": 1720, "filename": "binary.167.wasm", "text": "section size mismatch", "module_type": "binary"}, 
-  {"type": "module", "line": 1737, "filename": "binary.168.wasm"}, 
-  {"type": "assert_malformed", "line": 1746, "filename": "binary.169.wasm", "text": "unexpected end of section or function", "module_type": "binary"}, 
-  {"type": "assert_malformed", "line": 1759, "filename": "binary.170.wasm", "text": "section size mismatch", "module_type": "binary"}, 
-  {"type": "assert_malformed", "line": 1772, "filename": "binary.171.wasm", "text": "unexpected end of section or function", "module_type": "binary"}, 
-  {"type": "assert_malformed", "line": 1786, "filename": "binary.172.wasm", "text": "section size mismatch", "module_type": "binary"}, 
-  {"type": "module", "line": 1799, "filename": "binary.173.wasm"}, 
-  {"type": "assert_malformed", "line": 1817, "filename": "binary.174.wasm", "text": "unexpected end", "module_type": "binary"}, 
-  {"type": "module", "line": 1838, "filename": "binary.175.wasm"}, 
-  {"type": "assert_malformed", "line": 1852, "filename": "binary.176.wasm", "text": "unexpected content after last section", "module_type": "binary"}]}
+  {"type": "assert_malformed", "line": 56, "filename": "binary.37.wasm", "text": "END opcode expected", "module_type": "binary"}, 
+  {"type": "assert_malformed", "line": 77, "filename": "binary.38.wasm", "text": "unexpected end of section or function", "module_type": "binary"}, 
+  {"type": "assert_malformed", "line": 93, "filename": "binary.39.wasm", "text": "section size mismatch", "module_type": "binary"}, 
+  {"type": "assert_malformed", "line": 113, "filename": "binary.40.wasm", "text": "illegal opcode", "module_type": "binary"}, 
+  {"type": "assert_malformed", "line": 126, "filename": "binary.41.wasm", "text": "zero byte expected", "module_type": "binary"}, 
+  {"type": "assert_malformed", "line": 146, "filename": "binary.42.wasm", "text": "zero byte expected", "module_type": "binary"}, 
+  {"type": "assert_malformed", "line": 166, "filename": "binary.43.wasm", "text": "zero byte expected", "module_type": "binary"}, 
+  {"type": "assert_malformed", "line": 185, "filename": "binary.44.wasm", "text": "zero byte expected", "module_type": "binary"}, 
+  {"type": "assert_malformed", "line": 204, "filename": "binary.45.wasm", "text": "zero byte expected", "module_type": "binary"}, 
+  {"type": "assert_malformed", "line": 224, "filename": "binary.46.wasm", "text": "zero byte expected", "module_type": "binary"}, 
+  {"type": "assert_malformed", "line": 243, "filename": "binary.47.wasm", "text": "zero byte expected", "module_type": "binary"}, 
+  {"type": "assert_malformed", "line": 262, "filename": "binary.48.wasm", "text": "zero byte expected", "module_type": "binary"}, 
+  {"type": "assert_malformed", "line": 280, "filename": "binary.49.wasm", "text": "zero byte expected", "module_type": "binary"}, 
+  {"type": "assert_malformed", "line": 298, "filename": "binary.50.wasm", "text": "zero byte expected", "module_type": "binary"}, 
+  {"type": "assert_malformed", "line": 317, "filename": "binary.51.wasm", "text": "integer too large", "module_type": "binary"}, 
+  {"type": "assert_malformed", "line": 334, "filename": "binary.52.wasm", "text": "integer too large", "module_type": "binary"}, 
+  {"type": "assert_malformed", "line": 351, "filename": "binary.53.wasm", "text": "too many locals", "module_type": "binary"}, 
+  {"type": "assert_malformed", "line": 367, "filename": "binary.54.wasm", "text": "too many locals", "module_type": "binary"}, 
+  {"type": "module", "line": 385, "filename": "binary.55.wasm"}, 
+  {"type": "assert_malformed", "line": 401, "filename": "binary.56.wasm", "text": "function and code section have inconsistent lengths", "module_type": "binary"}, 
+  {"type": "assert_malformed", "line": 411, "filename": "binary.57.wasm", "text": "function and code section have inconsistent lengths", "module_type": "binary"}, 
+  {"type": "assert_malformed", "line": 420, "filename": "binary.58.wasm", "text": "function and code section have inconsistent lengths", "module_type": "binary"}, 
+  {"type": "assert_malformed", "line": 431, "filename": "binary.59.wasm", "text": "function and code section have inconsistent lengths", "module_type": "binary"}, 
+  {"type": "module", "line": 441, "filename": "binary.60.wasm"}, 
+  {"type": "module", "line": 447, "filename": "binary.61.wasm"}, 
+  {"type": "assert_malformed", "line": 454, "filename": "binary.62.wasm", "text": "data count and data section have inconsistent lengths", "module_type": "binary"}, 
+  {"type": "assert_malformed", "line": 464, "filename": "binary.63.wasm", "text": "data count and data section have inconsistent lengths", "module_type": "binary"}, 
+  {"type": "assert_malformed", "line": 474, "filename": "binary.64.wasm", "text": "data count section required", "module_type": "binary"}, 
+  {"type": "assert_malformed", "line": 496, "filename": "binary.65.wasm", "text": "data count section required", "module_type": "binary"}, 
+  {"type": "assert_malformed", "line": 515, "filename": "binary.66.wasm", "text": "illegal opcode", "module_type": "binary"}, 
+  {"type": "assert_malformed", "line": 541, "filename": "binary.67.wasm", "text": "malformed reference type", "module_type": "binary"}, 
+  {"type": "module", "line": 566, "filename": "binary.68.wasm"}, 
+  {"type": "module", "line": 590, "filename": "binary.69.wasm"}, 
+  {"type": "module", "line": 615, "filename": "binary.70.wasm"}, 
+  {"type": "assert_malformed", "line": 622, "filename": "binary.71.wasm", "text": "length out of bounds", "module_type": "binary"}, 
+  {"type": "assert_malformed", "line": 633, "filename": "binary.72.wasm", "text": "section size mismatch", "module_type": "binary"}, 
+  {"type": "module", "line": 643, "filename": "binary.73.wasm"}, 
+  {"type": "assert_malformed", "line": 652, "filename": "binary.74.wasm", "text": "malformed import kind", "module_type": "binary"}, 
+  {"type": "assert_malformed", "line": 662, "filename": "binary.75.wasm", "text": "malformed import kind", "module_type": "binary"}, 
+  {"type": "assert_malformed", "line": 673, "filename": "binary.76.wasm", "text": "malformed import kind", "module_type": "binary"}, 
+  {"type": "assert_malformed", "line": 683, "filename": "binary.77.wasm", "text": "malformed import kind", "module_type": "binary"}, 
+  {"type": "assert_malformed", "line": 694, "filename": "binary.78.wasm", "text": "malformed import kind", "module_type": "binary"}, 
+  {"type": "assert_malformed", "line": 704, "filename": "binary.79.wasm", "text": "malformed import kind", "module_type": "binary"}, 
+  {"type": "assert_malformed", "line": 717, "filename": "binary.80.wasm", "text": "unexpected end of section or function", "module_type": "binary"}, 
+  {"type": "assert_malformed", "line": 736, "filename": "binary.81.wasm", "text": "section size mismatch", "module_type": "binary"}, 
+  {"type": "module", "line": 760, "filename": "binary.82.wasm"}, 
+  {"type": "assert_malformed", "line": 767, "filename": "binary.83.wasm", "text": "unexpected end of section or function", "module_type": "binary"}, 
+  {"type": "assert_malformed", "line": 777, "filename": "binary.84.wasm", "text": "integer too large", "module_type": "binary"}, 
+  {"type": "assert_malformed", "line": 786, "filename": "binary.85.wasm", "text": "integer too large", "module_type": "binary"}, 
+  {"type": "assert_malformed", "line": 796, "filename": "binary.86.wasm", "text": "integer representation too long", "module_type": "binary"}, 
+  {"type": "module", "line": 807, "filename": "binary.87.wasm"}, 
+  {"type": "assert_malformed", "line": 814, "filename": "binary.88.wasm", "text": "unexpected end of section or function", "module_type": "binary"}, 
+  {"type": "assert_malformed", "line": 824, "filename": "binary.89.wasm", "text": "integer too large", "module_type": "binary"}, 
+  {"type": "assert_malformed", "line": 832, "filename": "binary.90.wasm", "text": "integer too large", "module_type": "binary"}, 
+  {"type": "assert_malformed", "line": 841, "filename": "binary.91.wasm", "text": "integer representation too long", "module_type": "binary"}, 
+  {"type": "assert_malformed", "line": 850, "filename": "binary.92.wasm", "text": "integer representation too long", "module_type": "binary"}, 
+  {"type": "module", "line": 860, "filename": "binary.93.wasm"}, 
+  {"type": "assert_malformed", "line": 867, "filename": "binary.94.wasm", "text": "unexpected end of section or function", "module_type": "binary"}, 
+  {"type": "assert_malformed", "line": 878, "filename": "binary.95.wasm", "text": "section size mismatch", "module_type": "binary"}, 
+  {"type": "module", "line": 888, "filename": "binary.96.wasm"}, 
+  {"type": "assert_malformed", "line": 901, "filename": "binary.97.wasm", "text": "length out of bounds", "module_type": "binary"}, 
+  {"type": "assert_malformed", "line": 922, "filename": "binary.98.wasm", "text": "section size mismatch", "module_type": "binary"}, 
+  {"type": "module", "line": 942, "filename": "binary.99.wasm"}, 
+  {"type": "assert_malformed", "line": 956, "filename": "binary.100.wasm", "text": "unexpected end", "module_type": "binary"}, 
+  {"type": "assert_malformed", "line": 972, "filename": "binary.101.wasm", "text": "unexpected end", "module_type": "binary"}, 
+  {"type": "assert_malformed", "line": 989, "filename": "binary.102.wasm", "text": "section size mismatch", "module_type": "binary"}, 
+  {"type": "module", "line": 1006, "filename": "binary.103.wasm"}, 
+  {"type": "assert_malformed", "line": 1015, "filename": "binary.104.wasm", "text": "unexpected end of section or function", "module_type": "binary"}, 
+  {"type": "assert_malformed", "line": 1028, "filename": "binary.105.wasm", "text": "section size mismatch", "module_type": "binary"}, 
+  {"type": "assert_malformed", "line": 1041, "filename": "binary.106.wasm", "text": "unexpected end of section or function", "module_type": "binary"}, 
+  {"type": "assert_malformed", "line": 1055, "filename": "binary.107.wasm", "text": "section size mismatch", "module_type": "binary"}, 
+  {"type": "module", "line": 1068, "filename": "binary.108.wasm"}, 
+  {"type": "assert_malformed", "line": 1086, "filename": "binary.109.wasm", "text": "unexpected end", "module_type": "binary"}, 
+  {"type": "module", "line": 1107, "filename": "binary.110.wasm"}, 
+  {"type": "assert_malformed", "line": 1121, "filename": "binary.111.wasm", "text": "unexpected content after last section", "module_type": "binary"}]}
diff --git a/internal/integration_test/spectest/v2/testdata/binary.wast b/internal/integration_test/spectest/v2/testdata/binary.wast
index 1b6b4712..c777bebb 100644
--- a/internal/integration_test/spectest/v2/testdata/binary.wast
+++ b/internal/integration_test/spectest/v2/testdata/binary.wast
@@ -45,373 +45,11 @@
 (assert_malformed (module binary "\00asm\00\00\00\01") "unknown binary version")
 
 ;; Invalid section id.
-(assert_malformed (module binary "\00asm" "\01\00\00\00" "\0d\00") "malformed section id")
-(assert_malformed (module binary "\00asm" "\01\00\00\00" "\7f\00") "malformed section id")
-(assert_malformed (module binary "\00asm" "\01\00\00\00" "\80\00\01\00") "malformed section id")
-(assert_malformed (module binary "\00asm" "\01\00\00\00" "\81\00\01\00") "malformed section id")
-(assert_malformed (module binary "\00asm" "\01\00\00\00" "\ff\00\01\00") "malformed section id")
-
-;; Unsigned LEB128 can have non-minimal length
-(module binary
-  "\00asm" "\01\00\00\00"
-  "\05\04\01"                          ;; Memory section with 1 entry
-  "\00\82\00"                          ;; no max, minimum 2
-)
-(module binary
-  "\00asm" "\01\00\00\00"
-  "\05\07\01"                          ;; Memory section with 1 entry
-  "\00\82\80\80\80\00"                 ;; no max, minimum 2
-)
-
-;; Signed LEB128 can have non-minimal length
-(module binary
-  "\00asm" "\01\00\00\00"
-  "\06\07\01"                          ;; Global section with 1 entry
-  "\7f\00"                             ;; i32, immutable
-  "\41\80\00"                          ;; i32.const 0
-  "\0b"                                ;; end
-)
-(module binary
-  "\00asm" "\01\00\00\00"
-  "\06\07\01"                          ;; Global section with 1 entry
-  "\7f\00"                             ;; i32, immutable
-  "\41\ff\7f"                          ;; i32.const -1
-  "\0b"                                ;; end
-)
-(module binary
-  "\00asm" "\01\00\00\00"
-  "\06\0a\01"                          ;; Global section with 1 entry
-  "\7f\00"                             ;; i32, immutable
-  "\41\80\80\80\80\00"                 ;; i32.const 0
-  "\0b"                                ;; end
-)
-(module binary
-  "\00asm" "\01\00\00\00"
-  "\06\0a\01"                          ;; Global section with 1 entry
-  "\7f\00"                             ;; i32, immutable
-  "\41\ff\ff\ff\ff\7f"                 ;; i32.const -1
-  "\0b"                                ;; end
-)
-
-(module binary
-  "\00asm" "\01\00\00\00"
-  "\06\07\01"                          ;; Global section with 1 entry
-  "\7e\00"                             ;; i64, immutable
-  "\42\80\00"                          ;; i64.const 0 with unused bits set
-  "\0b"                                ;; end
-)
-(module binary
-  "\00asm" "\01\00\00\00"
-  "\06\07\01"                          ;; Global section with 1 entry
-  "\7e\00"                             ;; i64, immutable
-  "\42\ff\7f"                          ;; i64.const -1 with unused bits unset
-  "\0b"                                ;; end
-)
-(module binary
-  "\00asm" "\01\00\00\00"
-  "\06\0f\01"                          ;; Global section with 1 entry
-  "\7e\00"                             ;; i64, immutable
-  "\42\80\80\80\80\80\80\80\80\80\00"  ;; i64.const 0 with unused bits set
-  "\0b"                                ;; end
-)
-(module binary
-  "\00asm" "\01\00\00\00"
-  "\06\0f\01"                          ;; Global section with 1 entry
-  "\7e\00"                             ;; i64, immutable
-  "\42\ff\ff\ff\ff\ff\ff\ff\ff\ff\7f"  ;; i64.const -1 with unused bits unset
-  "\0b"                                ;; end
-)
-
-(module binary
-  "\00asm" "\01\00\00\00"
-  "\05\03\01"                          ;; Memory section with 1 entry
-  "\00\00"                             ;; no max, minimum 0
-  "\0b\06\01"                          ;; Data section with 1 entry
-  "\00"                                ;; Memory index 0
-  "\41\00\0b\00"                       ;; (i32.const 0) with contents ""
-)
-
-(module binary
-  "\00asm" "\01\00\00\00"
-  "\04\04\01"                          ;; Table section with 1 entry
-  "\70\00\00"                          ;; no max, minimum 0, funcref
-  "\09\06\01"                          ;; Element section with 1 entry
-  "\00"                                ;; Table index 0
-  "\41\00\0b\00"                       ;; (i32.const 0) with no elements
-)
-
-;; Data segment tags and memory index can have non-minimal length
-(module binary
-  "\00asm" "\01\00\00\00"
-  "\05\03\01"                          ;; Memory section with 1 entry
-  "\00\00"                             ;; no max, minimum 0
-  "\0b\07\01"                          ;; Data section with 1 entry
-  "\80\00"                             ;; Active segment, encoded with 2 bytes
-  "\41\00\0b\00"                       ;; (i32.const 0) with contents ""
-)
-(module binary
-  "\00asm" "\01\00\00\00"
-  "\05\03\01"                          ;; Memory section with 1 entry
-  "\00\00"                             ;; no max, minimum 0
-  "\0b\08\01"                          ;; Data section with 1 entry
-  "\82\00"                             ;; Active segment, encoded with 2 bytes
-  "\00"                                ;; explicit memory index
-  "\41\00\0b\00"                       ;; (i32.const 0) with contents ""
-)
-(module binary
-  "\00asm" "\01\00\00\00"
-  "\05\03\01"                          ;; Memory section with 1 entry
-  "\00\00"                             ;; no max, minimum 0
-  "\0b\09\01"                          ;; Data section with 1 entry
-  "\82\00"                             ;; Active segment, encoded with 2 bytes
-  "\80\00"                             ;; explicit memory index, encoded with 2 bytes
-  "\41\00\0b\00"                       ;; (i32.const 0) with contents ""
-)
-
-;; Element segment tags and table index can have non-minimal length
-(module binary
-  "\00asm" "\01\00\00\00"
-  "\04\04\01"                          ;; Table section with 1 entry
-  "\70\00\00"                          ;; no max, minimum 0, funcref
-  "\09\07\01"                          ;; Element section with 1 entry
-  "\80\00"                             ;; Active segment
-  "\41\00\0b\00"                       ;; (i32.const 0) with no elements
-)
-(module binary
-  "\00asm" "\01\00\00\00"
-  "\04\04\01"                          ;; Table section with 1 entry
-  "\70\00\00"                          ;; no max, minimum 0, funcref
-  "\09\09\01"                          ;; Element section with 1 entry
-  "\02"                                ;; Active segment
-  "\80\00"                             ;; explicit table index, encoded with 2 bytes
-  "\41\00\0b\00\00"                    ;; (i32.const 0) with no elements
-)
-(module binary
-  "\00asm" "\01\00\00\00"
-  "\04\04\01"                          ;; Table section with 1 entry
-  "\70\00\00"                          ;; no max, minimum 0, funcref
-  "\09\09\01"                          ;; Element section with 1 entry
-  "\82\00"                             ;; Active segment, encoded with 2 bytes
-  "\00"                                ;; explicit table index
-  "\41\00\0b\00\00"                    ;; (i32.const 0) with no elements
-)
-(module binary
-  "\00asm" "\01\00\00\00"
-  "\04\04\01"                          ;; Table section with 1 entry
-  "\70\00\00"                          ;; no max, minimum 0, funcref
-  "\09\0a\01"                          ;; Element section with 1 entry
-  "\82\00"                             ;; Active segment, encoded with 2 bytes
-  "\80\00"                             ;; explicit table index, encoded with 2 bytes
-  "\41\00\0b\00\00"                    ;; (i32.const 0) with no elements
-)
-
-;; Type section with signed LEB128 encoded type
-(assert_malformed
-  (module binary
-    "\00asm" "\01\00\00\00"
-    "\01"                     ;; Type section id
-    "\05"                     ;; Type section length
-    "\01"                     ;; Types vector length
-    "\e0\7f"                  ;; Malformed functype, -0x20 in signed LEB128 encoding
-    "\00\00"
-  )
-  "integer representation too long"
-)
-
-;; Unsigned LEB128 must not be overlong
-(assert_malformed
-  (module binary
-    "\00asm" "\01\00\00\00"
-    "\05\08\01"                          ;; Memory section with 1 entry
-    "\00\82\80\80\80\80\00"              ;; no max, minimum 2 with one byte too many
-  )
-  "integer representation too long"
-)
-
-;; Signed LEB128 must not be overlong
-(assert_malformed
-  (module binary
-    "\00asm" "\01\00\00\00"
-    "\06\0b\01"                          ;; Global section with 1 entry
-    "\7f\00"                             ;; i32, immutable
-    "\41\80\80\80\80\80\00"              ;; i32.const 0 with one byte too many
-    "\0b"                                ;; end
-  )
-  "integer representation too long"
-)
-(assert_malformed
-  (module binary
-    "\00asm" "\01\00\00\00"
-    "\06\0b\01"                          ;; Global section with 1 entry
-    "\7f\00"                             ;; i32, immutable
-    "\41\ff\ff\ff\ff\ff\7f"              ;; i32.const -1 with one byte too many
-    "\0b"                                ;; end
-  )
-  "integer representation too long"
-)
-
-(assert_malformed
-  (module binary
-    "\00asm" "\01\00\00\00"
-    "\06\10\01"                          ;; Global section with 1 entry
-    "\7e\00"                             ;; i64, immutable
-    "\42\80\80\80\80\80\80\80\80\80\80\00"  ;; i64.const 0 with one byte too many
-    "\0b"                                ;; end
-  )
-  "integer representation too long"
-)
-(assert_malformed
-  (module binary
-    "\00asm" "\01\00\00\00"
-    "\06\10\01"                          ;; Global section with 1 entry
-    "\7e\00"                             ;; i64, immutable
-    "\42\ff\ff\ff\ff\ff\ff\ff\ff\ff\ff\7f"  ;; i64.const -1 with one byte too many
-    "\0b"                                ;; end
-  )
-  "integer representation too long"
-)
-
-;; Unsigned LEB128s zero-extend
-(assert_malformed
-  (module binary
-    "\00asm" "\01\00\00\00"
-    "\05\07\01"                          ;; Memory section with 1 entry
-    "\00\82\80\80\80\70"                 ;; no max, minimum 2 with unused bits set
-  )
-  "integer too large"
-)
-(assert_malformed
-  (module binary
-    "\00asm" "\01\00\00\00"
-    "\05\07\01"                          ;; Memory section with 1 entry
-    "\00\82\80\80\80\40"                 ;; no max, minimum 2 with some unused bits set
-  )
-  "integer too large"
-)
-
-;; Signed LEB128s sign-extend
-(assert_malformed
-  (module binary
-    "\00asm" "\01\00\00\00"
-    "\06\0a\01"                          ;; Global section with 1 entry
-    "\7f\00"                             ;; i32, immutable
-    "\41\80\80\80\80\70"                 ;; i32.const 0 with unused bits set
-    "\0b"                                ;; end
-  )
-  "integer too large"
-)
-(assert_malformed
-  (module binary
-    "\00asm" "\01\00\00\00"
-    "\06\0a\01"                          ;; Global section with 1 entry
-    "\7f\00"                             ;; i32, immutable
-    "\41\ff\ff\ff\ff\0f"                 ;; i32.const -1 with unused bits unset
-    "\0b"                                ;; end
-  )
-  "integer too large"
-)
-(assert_malformed
-  (module binary
-    "\00asm" "\01\00\00\00"
-    "\06\0a\01"                          ;; Global section with 1 entry
-    "\7f\00"                             ;; i32, immutable
-    "\41\80\80\80\80\1f"                 ;; i32.const 0 with some unused bits set
-    "\0b"                                ;; end
-  )
-  "integer too large"
-)
-(assert_malformed
-  (module binary
-    "\00asm" "\01\00\00\00"
-    "\06\0a\01"                          ;; Global section with 1 entry
-    "\7f\00"                             ;; i32, immutable
-    "\41\ff\ff\ff\ff\4f"                 ;; i32.const -1 with some unused bits unset
-    "\0b"                                ;; end
-  )
-  "integer too large"
-)
-
-(assert_malformed
-  (module binary
-    "\00asm" "\01\00\00\00"
-    "\06\0f\01"                          ;; Global section with 1 entry
-    "\7e\00"                             ;; i64, immutable
-    "\42\80\80\80\80\80\80\80\80\80\7e"  ;; i64.const 0 with unused bits set
-    "\0b"                                ;; end
-  )
-  "integer too large"
-)
-(assert_malformed
-  (module binary
-    "\00asm" "\01\00\00\00"
-    "\06\0f\01"                          ;; Global section with 1 entry
-    "\7e\00"                             ;; i64, immutable
-    "\42\ff\ff\ff\ff\ff\ff\ff\ff\ff\01"  ;; i64.const -1 with unused bits unset
-    "\0b"                                ;; end
-  )
-  "integer too large"
-)
-(assert_malformed
-  (module binary
-    "\00asm" "\01\00\00\00"
-    "\06\0f\01"                          ;; Global section with 1 entry
-    "\7e\00"                             ;; i64, immutable
-    "\42\80\80\80\80\80\80\80\80\80\02"  ;; i64.const 0 with some unused bits set
-    "\0b"                                ;; end
-  )
-  "integer too large"
-)
-(assert_malformed
-  (module binary
-    "\00asm" "\01\00\00\00"
-    "\06\0f\01"                          ;; Global section with 1 entry
-    "\7e\00"                             ;; i64, immutable
-    "\42\ff\ff\ff\ff\ff\ff\ff\ff\ff\41"  ;; i64.const -1 with some unused bits unset
-    "\0b"                                ;; end
-  )
-  "integer too large"
-)
-
-(assert_malformed
-  (module binary
-    "\00asm" "\01\00\00\00"
-    "\06\0f\01"                          ;; Global section with 1 entry
-    "\7e\00"                             ;; i64, immutable
-    "\42\80\80\80\80\80\80\80\80\80\7e"  ;; i64.const 0 with unused bits set
-    "\0b"                                ;; end
-  )
-  "integer too large"
-)
-(assert_malformed
-  (module binary
-    "\00asm" "\01\00\00\00"
-    "\06\0f\01"                          ;; Global section with 1 entry
-    "\7e\00"                             ;; i64, immutable
-    "\42\ff\ff\ff\ff\ff\ff\ff\ff\ff\01"  ;; i64.const -1 with unused bits unset
-    "\0b"                                ;; end
-  )
-  "integer too large"
-)
-(assert_malformed
-  (module binary
-    "\00asm" "\01\00\00\00"
-    "\06\0f\01"                          ;; Global section with 1 entry
-    "\7e\00"                             ;; i64, immutable
-    "\42\80\80\80\80\80\80\80\80\80\02"  ;; i64.const 0 with some unused bits set
-    "\0b"                                ;; end
-  )
-  "integer too large"
-)
-(assert_malformed
-  (module binary
-    "\00asm" "\01\00\00\00"
-    "\06\0f\01"                          ;; Global section with 1 entry
-    "\7e\00"                             ;; i64, immutable
-    "\42\ff\ff\ff\ff\ff\ff\ff\ff\ff\41"  ;; i64.const -1 with some unused bits unset
-    "\0b"                                ;; end
-  )
-  "integer too large"
-)
+(assert_malformed (module binary "\00asm" "\01\00\00\00" "\0e\01\00") "malformed section id")
+(assert_malformed (module binary "\00asm" "\01\00\00\00" "\7f\01\00") "malformed section id")
+(assert_malformed (module binary "\00asm" "\01\00\00\00" "\80\01\00\01\01\00") "malformed section id")
+(assert_malformed (module binary "\00asm" "\01\00\00\00" "\81\01\00\01\01\00") "malformed section id")
+(assert_malformed (module binary "\00asm" "\01\00\00\00" "\ff\01\00\01\01\00") "malformed section id")
 
 ;; Function with missing end marker (between two functions)
 (assert_malformed
@@ -470,386 +108,17 @@
   "section size mismatch"
 )
 
-;; Unsigned LEB128 must not be overlong
+;; Init expression with missing end marker
 (assert_malformed
   (module binary
     "\00asm" "\01\00\00\00"
-    "\05\08\01"                          ;; Memory section with 1 entry
-    "\00\82\80\80\80\80\00"              ;; no max, minimum 2 with one byte too many
+    "\01\04\01\60\00\00"       ;; Type section: 1 type
+    "\03\02\01\00"             ;; Function section: 1 function
+    "\06\05\01\7f\00\41\00"    ;; Global section: 1 entry with missing end marker
+    ;; Missing end marker here
+    "\0a\04\01\02\00\0b"       ;; Code section: 1 function
   )
-  "integer representation too long"
-)
-(assert_malformed
-  (module binary
-    "\00asm" "\01\00\00\00"
-    "\01\04\01\60\00\00"       ;; Type section
-    "\03\02\01\00"             ;; Function section
-    "\05\03\01\00\01"          ;; Memory section
-    "\0a\11\01"                ;; Code section
-    ;; function 0
-    "\0f\01\01"                ;; local type count
-    "\7f"                      ;; i32
-    "\41\00"                   ;; i32.const 0
-    "\28"                      ;; i32.load
-    "\02"                      ;; alignment 2
-    "\82\80\80\80\80\00"       ;; offset 2 with one byte too many
-    "\1a"                      ;; drop
-    "\0b"                      ;; end
-  )
-  "integer representation too long"
-)
-(assert_malformed
-  (module binary
-    "\00asm" "\01\00\00\00"
-    "\01\04\01\60\00\00"       ;; Type section
-    "\03\02\01\00"             ;; Function section
-    "\05\03\01\00\01"          ;; Memory section
-    "\0a\11\01"                ;; Code section
-    ;; function 0
-    "\0f\01\01"                ;; local type count
-    "\7f"                      ;; i32
-    "\41\00"                   ;; i32.const 0
-    "\28"                      ;; i32.load
-    "\82\80\80\80\80\00"       ;; alignment 2 with one byte too many
-    "\00"                      ;; offset 0
-    "\1a"                      ;; drop
-    "\0b"                      ;; end
-  )
-  "integer representation too long"
-)
-(assert_malformed
-  (module binary
-    "\00asm" "\01\00\00\00"
-    "\01\04\01\60\00\00"       ;; Type section
-    "\03\02\01\00"             ;; Function section
-    "\05\03\01\00\01"          ;; Memory section
-    "\0a\12\01"                ;; Code section
-    ;; function 0
-    "\10\01\01"                ;; local type count
-    "\7f"                      ;; i32
-    "\41\00"                   ;; i32.const 0
-    "\41\03"                   ;; i32.const 3
-    "\36"                      ;; i32.store
-    "\82\80\80\80\80\00"       ;; alignment 2 with one byte too many
-    "\03"                      ;; offset 3
-    "\0b"                      ;; end
-  )
-  "integer representation too long"
-)
-(assert_malformed
-  (module binary
-    "\00asm" "\01\00\00\00"
-    "\01\04\01\60\00\00"       ;; Type section
-    "\03\02\01\00"             ;; Function section
-    "\05\03\01\00\01"          ;; Memory section
-    "\0a\12\01"                ;; Code section
-    ;; function 0
-    "\10\01\01"                ;; local type count
-    "\7f"                      ;; i32
-    "\41\00"                   ;; i32.const 0
-    "\41\03"                   ;; i32.const 3
-    "\36"                      ;; i32.store
-    "\02"                      ;; alignment 2
-    "\82\80\80\80\80\00"       ;; offset 2 with one byte too many
-    "\0b"                      ;; end
-  )
-  "integer representation too long"
-)
-
-;; Signed LEB128 must not be overlong
-(assert_malformed
-  (module binary
-    "\00asm" "\01\00\00\00"
-    "\06\0b\01"                          ;; Global section with 1 entry
-    "\7f\00"                             ;; i32, immutable
-    "\41\80\80\80\80\80\00"              ;; i32.const 0 with one byte too many
-    "\0b"                                ;; end
-  )
-  "integer representation too long"
-)
-(assert_malformed
-  (module binary
-    "\00asm" "\01\00\00\00"
-    "\06\0b\01"                          ;; Global section with 1 entry
-    "\7f\00"                             ;; i32, immutable
-    "\41\ff\ff\ff\ff\ff\7f"              ;; i32.const -1 with one byte too many
-    "\0b"                                ;; end
-  )
-  "integer representation too long"
-)
-
-(assert_malformed
-  (module binary
-    "\00asm" "\01\00\00\00"
-    "\06\10\01"                          ;; Global section with 1 entry
-    "\7e\00"                             ;; i64, immutable
-    "\42\80\80\80\80\80\80\80\80\80\80\00"  ;; i64.const 0 with one byte too many
-    "\0b"                                ;; end
-  )
-  "integer representation too long"
-)
-(assert_malformed
-  (module binary
-    "\00asm" "\01\00\00\00"
-    "\06\10\01"                          ;; Global section with 1 entry
-    "\7e\00"                             ;; i64, immutable
-    "\42\ff\ff\ff\ff\ff\ff\ff\ff\ff\ff\7f"  ;; i64.const -1 with one byte too many
-    "\0b"                                ;; end
-  )
-  "integer representation too long"
-)
-
-;; Unsigned LEB128s zero-extend
-(assert_malformed
-  (module binary
-    "\00asm" "\01\00\00\00"
-    "\05\07\01"                          ;; Memory section with 1 entry
-    "\00\82\80\80\80\70"                 ;; no max, minimum 2 with unused bits set
-  )
-  "integer too large"
-)
-(assert_malformed
-  (module binary
-    "\00asm" "\01\00\00\00"
-    "\05\07\01"                          ;; Memory section with 1 entry
-    "\00\82\80\80\80\40"                 ;; no max, minimum 2 with some unused bits set
-  )
-  "integer too large"
-)
-(assert_malformed
-  (module binary
-    "\00asm" "\01\00\00\00"
-    "\01\04\01\60\00\00"       ;; Type section
-    "\03\02\01\00"             ;; Function section
-    "\05\03\01\00\01"          ;; Memory section
-    "\0a\10\01"                ;; Code section
-    ;; function 0
-    "\0e\01\01"                ;; local type count
-    "\7f"                      ;; i32
-    "\41\00"                   ;; i32.const 0
-    "\28"                      ;; i32.load
-    "\02"                      ;; alignment 2
-    "\82\80\80\80\10"          ;; offset 2 with unused bits set
-    "\1a"                      ;; drop
-    "\0b"                      ;; end
-  )
-  "integer too large"
-)
-(assert_malformed
-  (module binary
-    "\00asm" "\01\00\00\00"
-    "\01\04\01\60\00\00"       ;; Type section
-    "\03\02\01\00"             ;; Function section
-    "\05\03\01\00\01"          ;; Memory section
-    "\0a\10\01"                ;; Code section
-    ;; function 0
-    "\0e\01\01"                ;; local type count
-    "\7f"                      ;; i32
-    "\41\00"                   ;; i32.const 0
-    "\28"                      ;; i32.load
-    "\02"                      ;; alignment 2
-    "\82\80\80\80\40"          ;; offset 2 with some unused bits set
-    "\1a"                      ;; drop
-    "\0b"                      ;; end
-  )
-  "integer too large"
-)
-(assert_malformed
-  (module binary
-    "\00asm" "\01\00\00\00"
-    "\01\04\01\60\00\00"       ;; Type section
-    "\03\02\01\00"             ;; Function section
-    "\05\03\01\00\01"          ;; Memory section
-    "\0a\10\01"                ;; Code section
-    "\0e\01\01"                ;; local type count
-    "\7f"                      ;; i32
-    "\41\00"                   ;; i32.const 0
-    "\28"                      ;; i32.load
-    "\82\80\80\80\10"          ;; alignment 2 with unused bits set
-    "\00"                      ;; offset 0
-    "\1a"                      ;; drop
-    "\0b"                      ;; end
-  )
-  "integer too large"
-)
-(assert_malformed
-  (module binary
-    "\00asm" "\01\00\00\00"
-    "\01\04\01\60\00\00"       ;; Type section
-    "\03\02\01\00"             ;; Function section
-    "\05\03\01\00\01"          ;; Memory section
-    "\0a\10\01"                ;; Code section
-    ;; function 0
-    "\0e\01\01"                ;; local type count
-    "\7f"                      ;; i32
-    "\41\00"                   ;; i32.const 0
-    "\28"                      ;; i32.load
-    "\82\80\80\80\40"          ;; alignment 2 with some unused bits set
-    "\00"                      ;; offset 0
-    "\1a"                      ;; drop
-    "\0b"                      ;; end
-  )
-  "integer too large"
-)
-(assert_malformed
-  (module binary
-    "\00asm" "\01\00\00\00"
-    "\01\04\01\60\00\00"       ;; Type section
-    "\03\02\01\00"             ;; Function section
-    "\05\03\01\00\01"          ;; Memory section
-    "\0a\11\01"                ;; Code section
-    ;; function 0
-    "\0f\01\01"                ;; local type count
-    "\7f"                      ;; i32
-    "\41\00"                   ;; i32.const 0
-    "\41\03"                   ;; i32.const 3
-    "\36"                      ;; i32.store
-    "\82\80\80\80\10"          ;; alignment 2 with unused bits set
-    "\03"                      ;; offset 3
-    "\0b"                      ;; end
-  )
-  "integer too large"
-)
-(assert_malformed
-  (module binary
-    "\00asm" "\01\00\00\00"
-    "\01\04\01\60\00\00"       ;; Type section
-    "\03\02\01\00"             ;; Function section
-    "\05\03\01\00\01"          ;; Memory section
-    "\0a\11\01"                ;; Code section
-    ;; function 0
-    "\0f\01\01"                ;; local type count
-    "\7f"                      ;; i32
-    "\41\00"                   ;; i32.const 0
-    "\41\03"                   ;; i32.const 3
-    "\36"                      ;; i32.store
-    "\82\80\80\80\40"          ;; alignment 2 with some unused bits set
-    "\03"                      ;; offset 3
-    "\0b"                      ;; end
-  )
-  "integer too large"
-)
-(assert_malformed
-  (module binary
-    "\00asm" "\01\00\00\00"
-    "\01\04\01\60\00\00"       ;; Type section
-    "\03\02\01\00"             ;; Function section
-    "\05\03\01\00\01"          ;; Memory section
-    "\0a\11\01"                ;; Code section
-    ;; function 0
-    "\0f\01\01"                ;; local type count
-    "\7f"                      ;; i32
-    "\41\00"                   ;; i32.const 0
-    "\41\03"                   ;; i32.const 3
-    "\36"                      ;; i32.store
-    "\02"                      ;; alignment 2
-    "\82\80\80\80\10"          ;; offset 2 with unused bits set
-    "\0b"                      ;; end
-  )
-  "integer too large"
-)
-(assert_malformed
-  (module binary
-    "\00asm" "\01\00\00\00"
-    "\01\04\01\60\00\00"       ;; Type section
-    "\03\02\01\00"             ;; Function section
-    "\05\03\01\00\01"          ;; Memory section
-    "\0a\11\01"                ;; Code section
-
-    ;; function 0
-    "\0f\01\01"                ;; local type count
-    "\7f"                      ;; i32
-    "\41\00"                   ;; i32.const 0
-    "\41\03"                   ;; i32.const 3
-    "\36"                      ;; i32.store
-    "\02"                      ;; alignment 2
-    "\82\80\80\80\40"          ;; offset 2 with some unused bits set
-    "\0b"                      ;; end
-  )
-  "integer too large"
-)
-
-;; Signed LEB128s sign-extend
-(assert_malformed
-  (module binary
-    "\00asm" "\01\00\00\00"
-    "\06\0a\01"                          ;; Global section with 1 entry
-    "\7f\00"                             ;; i32, immutable
-    "\41\80\80\80\80\70"                 ;; i32.const 0 with unused bits set
-    "\0b"                                ;; end
-  )
-  "integer too large"
-)
-(assert_malformed
-  (module binary
-    "\00asm" "\01\00\00\00"
-    "\06\0a\01"                          ;; Global section with 1 entry
-    "\7f\00"                             ;; i32, immutable
-    "\41\ff\ff\ff\ff\0f"                 ;; i32.const -1 with unused bits unset
-    "\0b"                                ;; end
-  )
-  "integer too large"
-)
-(assert_malformed
-  (module binary
-    "\00asm" "\01\00\00\00"
-    "\06\0a\01"                          ;; Global section with 1 entry
-    "\7f\00"                             ;; i32, immutable
-    "\41\80\80\80\80\1f"                 ;; i32.const 0 with some unused bits set
-    "\0b"                                ;; end
-  )
-  "integer too large"
-)
-(assert_malformed
-  (module binary
-    "\00asm" "\01\00\00\00"
-    "\06\0a\01"                          ;; Global section with 1 entry
-    "\7f\00"                             ;; i32, immutable
-    "\41\ff\ff\ff\ff\4f"                 ;; i32.const -1 with some unused bits unset
-    "\0b"                                ;; end
-  )
-  "integer too large"
-)
-
-(assert_malformed
-  (module binary
-    "\00asm" "\01\00\00\00"
-    "\06\0f\01"                          ;; Global section with 1 entry
-    "\7e\00"                             ;; i64, immutable
-    "\42\80\80\80\80\80\80\80\80\80\7e"  ;; i64.const 0 with unused bits set
-    "\0b"                                ;; end
-  )
-  "integer too large"
-)
-(assert_malformed
-  (module binary
-    "\00asm" "\01\00\00\00"
-    "\06\0f\01"                          ;; Global section with 1 entry
-    "\7e\00"                             ;; i64, immutable
-    "\42\ff\ff\ff\ff\ff\ff\ff\ff\ff\01"  ;; i64.const -1 with unused bits unset
-    "\0b"                                ;; end
-  )
-  "integer too large"
-)
-(assert_malformed
-  (module binary
-    "\00asm" "\01\00\00\00"
-    "\06\0f\01"                          ;; Global section with 1 entry
-    "\7e\00"                             ;; i64, immutable
-    "\42\80\80\80\80\80\80\80\80\80\02"  ;; i64.const 0 with some unused bits set
-    "\0b"                                ;; end
-  )
-  "integer too large"
-)
-(assert_malformed
-  (module binary
-    "\00asm" "\01\00\00\00"
-    "\06\0f\01"                          ;; Global section with 1 entry
-    "\7e\00"                             ;; i64, immutable
-    "\42\ff\ff\ff\ff\ff\ff\ff\ff\ff\41"  ;; i64.const -1 with some unused bits unset
-    "\0b"                                ;; end
-  )
-  "integer too large"
+  "illegal opcode"
 )
 
 ;; memory.grow reserved byte equal to zero.
diff --git a/internal/integration_test/spectest/v2/testdata/br_table.0.wasm b/internal/integration_test/spectest/v2/testdata/br_table.0.wasm
index f8e168b6..8cc09b53 100644
Binary files a/internal/integration_test/spectest/v2/testdata/br_table.0.wasm and b/internal/integration_test/spectest/v2/testdata/br_table.0.wasm differ
diff --git a/internal/integration_test/spectest/v2/testdata/br_table.json b/internal/integration_test/spectest/v2/testdata/br_table.json
index c3e31411..601513fd 100644
--- a/internal/integration_test/spectest/v2/testdata/br_table.json
+++ b/internal/integration_test/spectest/v2/testdata/br_table.json
@@ -1,176 +1,176 @@
 {"source_filename": "./br_table.wast",
  "commands": [
   {"type": "module", "line": 3, "filename": "br_table.0.wasm"}, 
-  {"type": "assert_return", "line": 1256, "action": {"type": "invoke", "field": "type-i32", "args": []}, "expected": []}, 
-  {"type": "assert_return", "line": 1257, "action": {"type": "invoke", "field": "type-i64", "args": []}, "expected": []}, 
-  {"type": "assert_return", "line": 1258, "action": {"type": "invoke", "field": "type-f32", "args": []}, "expected": []}, 
-  {"type": "assert_return", "line": 1259, "action": {"type": "invoke", "field": "type-f64", "args": []}, "expected": []}, 
-  {"type": "assert_return", "line": 1261, "action": {"type": "invoke", "field": "type-i32-value", "args": []}, "expected": [{"type": "i32", "value": "1"}]}, 
-  {"type": "assert_return", "line": 1262, "action": {"type": "invoke", "field": "type-i64-value", "args": []}, "expected": [{"type": "i64", "value": "2"}]}, 
-  {"type": "assert_return", "line": 1263, "action": {"type": "invoke", "field": "type-f32-value", "args": []}, "expected": [{"type": "f32", "value": "1077936128"}]}, 
-  {"type": "assert_return", "line": 1264, "action": {"type": "invoke", "field": "type-f64-value", "args": []}, "expected": [{"type": "f64", "value": "4616189618054758400"}]}, 
-  {"type": "assert_return", "line": 1266, "action": {"type": "invoke", "field": "empty", "args": [{"type": "i32", "value": "0"}]}, "expected": [{"type": "i32", "value": "22"}]}, 
-  {"type": "assert_return", "line": 1267, "action": {"type": "invoke", "field": "empty", "args": [{"type": "i32", "value": "1"}]}, "expected": [{"type": "i32", "value": "22"}]}, 
-  {"type": "assert_return", "line": 1268, "action": {"type": "invoke", "field": "empty", "args": [{"type": "i32", "value": "11"}]}, "expected": [{"type": "i32", "value": "22"}]}, 
-  {"type": "assert_return", "line": 1269, "action": {"type": "invoke", "field": "empty", "args": [{"type": "i32", "value": "4294967295"}]}, "expected": [{"type": "i32", "value": "22"}]}, 
-  {"type": "assert_return", "line": 1270, "action": {"type": "invoke", "field": "empty", "args": [{"type": "i32", "value": "4294967196"}]}, "expected": [{"type": "i32", "value": "22"}]}, 
-  {"type": "assert_return", "line": 1271, "action": {"type": "invoke", "field": "empty", "args": [{"type": "i32", "value": "4294967295"}]}, "expected": [{"type": "i32", "value": "22"}]}, 
-  {"type": "assert_return", "line": 1273, "action": {"type": "invoke", "field": "empty-value", "args": [{"type": "i32", "value": "0"}]}, "expected": [{"type": "i32", "value": "33"}]}, 
-  {"type": "assert_return", "line": 1274, "action": {"type": "invoke", "field": "empty-value", "args": [{"type": "i32", "value": "1"}]}, "expected": [{"type": "i32", "value": "33"}]}, 
-  {"type": "assert_return", "line": 1275, "action": {"type": "invoke", "field": "empty-value", "args": [{"type": "i32", "value": "11"}]}, "expected": [{"type": "i32", "value": "33"}]}, 
-  {"type": "assert_return", "line": 1276, "action": {"type": "invoke", "field": "empty-value", "args": [{"type": "i32", "value": "4294967295"}]}, "expected": [{"type": "i32", "value": "33"}]}, 
-  {"type": "assert_return", "line": 1277, "action": {"type": "invoke", "field": "empty-value", "args": [{"type": "i32", "value": "4294967196"}]}, "expected": [{"type": "i32", "value": "33"}]}, 
-  {"type": "assert_return", "line": 1278, "action": {"type": "invoke", "field": "empty-value", "args": [{"type": "i32", "value": "4294967295"}]}, "expected": [{"type": "i32", "value": "33"}]}, 
-  {"type": "assert_return", "line": 1280, "action": {"type": "invoke", "field": "singleton", "args": [{"type": "i32", "value": "0"}]}, "expected": [{"type": "i32", "value": "22"}]}, 
-  {"type": "assert_return", "line": 1281, "action": {"type": "invoke", "field": "singleton", "args": [{"type": "i32", "value": "1"}]}, "expected": [{"type": "i32", "value": "20"}]}, 
-  {"type": "assert_return", "line": 1282, "action": {"type": "invoke", "field": "singleton", "args": [{"type": "i32", "value": "11"}]}, "expected": [{"type": "i32", "value": "20"}]}, 
-  {"type": "assert_return", "line": 1283, "action": {"type": "invoke", "field": "singleton", "args": [{"type": "i32", "value": "4294967295"}]}, "expected": [{"type": "i32", "value": "20"}]}, 
-  {"type": "assert_return", "line": 1284, "action": {"type": "invoke", "field": "singleton", "args": [{"type": "i32", "value": "4294967196"}]}, "expected": [{"type": "i32", "value": "20"}]}, 
-  {"type": "assert_return", "line": 1285, "action": {"type": "invoke", "field": "singleton", "args": [{"type": "i32", "value": "4294967295"}]}, "expected": [{"type": "i32", "value": "20"}]}, 
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+  {"type": "assert_return", "line": 1110, "action": {"type": "invoke", "field": "as-call-mid", "args": []}, "expected": [{"type": "i32", "value": "13"}]}, 
+  {"type": "assert_return", "line": 1111, "action": {"type": "invoke", "field": "as-call-last", "args": []}, "expected": [{"type": "i32", "value": "14"}]}, 
+  {"type": "assert_return", "line": 1113, "action": {"type": "invoke", "field": "as-call_indirect-first", "args": []}, "expected": [{"type": "i32", "value": "20"}]}, 
+  {"type": "assert_return", "line": 1114, "action": {"type": "invoke", "field": "as-call_indirect-mid", "args": []}, "expected": [{"type": "i32", "value": "21"}]}, 
+  {"type": "assert_return", "line": 1115, "action": {"type": "invoke", "field": "as-call_indirect-last", "args": []}, "expected": [{"type": "i32", "value": "22"}]}, 
+  {"type": "assert_return", "line": 1116, "action": {"type": "invoke", "field": "as-call_indirect-func", "args": []}, "expected": [{"type": "i32", "value": "23"}]}, 
+  {"type": "assert_return", "line": 1118, "action": {"type": "invoke", "field": "as-local.set-value", "args": []}, "expected": [{"type": "i32", "value": "17"}]}, 
+  {"type": "assert_return", "line": 1119, "action": {"type": "invoke", "field": "as-local.tee-value", "args": []}, "expected": [{"type": "i32", "value": "1"}]}, 
+  {"type": "assert_return", "line": 1120, "action": {"type": "invoke", "field": "as-global.set-value", "args": []}, "expected": [{"type": "i32", "value": "1"}]}, 
+  {"type": "assert_return", "line": 1122, "action": {"type": "invoke", "field": "as-load-address", "args": []}, "expected": [{"type": "f32", "value": "1071225242"}]}, 
+  {"type": "assert_return", "line": 1123, "action": {"type": "invoke", "field": "as-loadN-address", "args": []}, "expected": [{"type": "i64", "value": "30"}]}, 
+  {"type": "assert_return", "line": 1125, "action": {"type": "invoke", "field": "as-store-address", "args": []}, "expected": [{"type": "i32", "value": "30"}]}, 
+  {"type": "assert_return", "line": 1126, "action": {"type": "invoke", "field": "as-store-value", "args": []}, "expected": [{"type": "i32", "value": "31"}]}, 
+  {"type": "assert_return", "line": 1127, "action": {"type": "invoke", "field": "as-storeN-address", "args": []}, "expected": [{"type": "i32", "value": "32"}]}, 
+  {"type": "assert_return", "line": 1128, "action": {"type": "invoke", "field": "as-storeN-value", "args": []}, "expected": [{"type": "i32", "value": "33"}]}, 
+  {"type": "assert_return", "line": 1130, "action": {"type": "invoke", "field": "as-unary-operand", "args": []}, "expected": [{"type": "f32", "value": "1079613850"}]}, 
+  {"type": "assert_return", "line": 1132, "action": {"type": "invoke", "field": "as-binary-left", "args": []}, "expected": [{"type": "i32", "value": "3"}]}, 
+  {"type": "assert_return", "line": 1133, "action": {"type": "invoke", "field": "as-binary-right", "args": []}, "expected": [{"type": "i64", "value": "45"}]}, 
+  {"type": "assert_return", "line": 1135, "action": {"type": "invoke", "field": "as-test-operand", "args": []}, "expected": [{"type": "i32", "value": "44"}]}, 
+  {"type": "assert_return", "line": 1137, "action": {"type": "invoke", "field": "as-compare-left", "args": []}, "expected": [{"type": "i32", "value": "43"}]}, 
+  {"type": "assert_return", "line": 1138, "action": {"type": "invoke", "field": "as-compare-right", "args": []}, "expected": [{"type": "i32", "value": "42"}]}, 
+  {"type": "assert_return", "line": 1140, "action": {"type": "invoke", "field": "as-convert-operand", "args": []}, "expected": [{"type": "i32", "value": "41"}]}, 
+  {"type": "assert_return", "line": 1142, "action": {"type": "invoke", "field": "as-memory.grow-size", "args": []}, "expected": [{"type": "i32", "value": "40"}]}, 
+  {"type": "assert_return", "line": 1144, "action": {"type": "invoke", "field": "nested-block-value", "args": [{"type": "i32", "value": "0"}]}, "expected": [{"type": "i32", "value": "19"}]}, 
+  {"type": "assert_return", "line": 1145, "action": {"type": "invoke", "field": "nested-block-value", "args": [{"type": "i32", "value": "1"}]}, "expected": [{"type": "i32", "value": "17"}]}, 
+  {"type": "assert_return", "line": 1146, "action": {"type": "invoke", "field": "nested-block-value", "args": [{"type": "i32", "value": "2"}]}, "expected": [{"type": "i32", "value": "16"}]}, 
+  {"type": "assert_return", "line": 1147, "action": {"type": "invoke", "field": "nested-block-value", "args": [{"type": "i32", "value": "10"}]}, "expected": [{"type": "i32", "value": "16"}]}, 
+  {"type": "assert_return", "line": 1148, "action": {"type": "invoke", "field": "nested-block-value", "args": [{"type": "i32", "value": "4294967295"}]}, "expected": [{"type": "i32", "value": "16"}]}, 
+  {"type": "assert_return", "line": 1149, "action": {"type": "invoke", "field": "nested-block-value", "args": [{"type": "i32", "value": "100000"}]}, "expected": [{"type": "i32", "value": "16"}]}, 
+  {"type": "assert_return", "line": 1151, "action": {"type": "invoke", "field": "nested-br-value", "args": [{"type": "i32", "value": "0"}]}, "expected": [{"type": "i32", "value": "8"}]}, 
+  {"type": "assert_return", "line": 1152, "action": {"type": "invoke", "field": "nested-br-value", "args": [{"type": "i32", "value": "1"}]}, "expected": [{"type": "i32", "value": "9"}]}, 
+  {"type": "assert_return", "line": 1153, "action": {"type": "invoke", "field": "nested-br-value", "args": [{"type": "i32", "value": "2"}]}, "expected": [{"type": "i32", "value": "17"}]}, 
+  {"type": "assert_return", "line": 1154, "action": {"type": "invoke", "field": "nested-br-value", "args": [{"type": "i32", "value": "11"}]}, "expected": [{"type": "i32", "value": "17"}]}, 
+  {"type": "assert_return", "line": 1155, "action": {"type": "invoke", "field": "nested-br-value", "args": [{"type": "i32", "value": "4294967292"}]}, "expected": [{"type": "i32", "value": "17"}]}, 
+  {"type": "assert_return", "line": 1156, "action": {"type": "invoke", "field": "nested-br-value", "args": [{"type": "i32", "value": "10213210"}]}, "expected": [{"type": "i32", "value": "17"}]}, 
+  {"type": "assert_return", "line": 1158, "action": {"type": "invoke", "field": "nested-br_if-value", "args": [{"type": "i32", "value": "0"}]}, "expected": [{"type": "i32", "value": "17"}]}, 
+  {"type": "assert_return", "line": 1159, "action": {"type": "invoke", "field": "nested-br_if-value", "args": [{"type": "i32", "value": "1"}]}, "expected": [{"type": "i32", "value": "9"}]}, 
+  {"type": "assert_return", "line": 1160, "action": {"type": "invoke", "field": "nested-br_if-value", "args": [{"type": "i32", "value": "2"}]}, "expected": [{"type": "i32", "value": "8"}]}, 
+  {"type": "assert_return", "line": 1161, "action": {"type": "invoke", "field": "nested-br_if-value", "args": [{"type": "i32", "value": "9"}]}, "expected": [{"type": "i32", "value": "8"}]}, 
+  {"type": "assert_return", "line": 1162, "action": {"type": "invoke", "field": "nested-br_if-value", "args": [{"type": "i32", "value": "4294967287"}]}, "expected": [{"type": "i32", "value": "8"}]}, 
+  {"type": "assert_return", "line": 1163, "action": {"type": "invoke", "field": "nested-br_if-value", "args": [{"type": "i32", "value": "999999"}]}, "expected": [{"type": "i32", "value": "8"}]}, 
+  {"type": "assert_return", "line": 1165, "action": {"type": "invoke", "field": "nested-br_if-value-cond", "args": [{"type": "i32", "value": "0"}]}, "expected": [{"type": "i32", "value": "9"}]}, 
+  {"type": "assert_return", "line": 1166, "action": {"type": "invoke", "field": "nested-br_if-value-cond", "args": [{"type": "i32", "value": "1"}]}, "expected": [{"type": "i32", "value": "8"}]}, 
+  {"type": "assert_return", "line": 1167, "action": {"type": "invoke", "field": "nested-br_if-value-cond", "args": [{"type": "i32", "value": "2"}]}, "expected": [{"type": "i32", "value": "9"}]}, 
+  {"type": "assert_return", "line": 1168, "action": {"type": "invoke", "field": "nested-br_if-value-cond", "args": [{"type": "i32", "value": "3"}]}, "expected": [{"type": "i32", "value": "9"}]}, 
+  {"type": "assert_return", "line": 1169, "action": {"type": "invoke", "field": "nested-br_if-value-cond", "args": [{"type": "i32", "value": "4293967296"}]}, "expected": [{"type": "i32", "value": "9"}]}, 
+  {"type": "assert_return", "line": 1170, "action": {"type": "invoke", "field": "nested-br_if-value-cond", "args": [{"type": "i32", "value": "9423975"}]}, "expected": [{"type": "i32", "value": "9"}]}, 
+  {"type": "assert_return", "line": 1172, "action": {"type": "invoke", "field": "nested-br_table-value", "args": [{"type": "i32", "value": "0"}]}, "expected": [{"type": "i32", "value": "17"}]}, 
+  {"type": "assert_return", "line": 1173, "action": {"type": "invoke", "field": "nested-br_table-value", "args": [{"type": "i32", "value": "1"}]}, "expected": [{"type": "i32", "value": "9"}]}, 
+  {"type": "assert_return", "line": 1174, "action": {"type": "invoke", "field": "nested-br_table-value", "args": [{"type": "i32", "value": "2"}]}, "expected": [{"type": "i32", "value": "8"}]}, 
+  {"type": "assert_return", "line": 1175, "action": {"type": "invoke", "field": "nested-br_table-value", "args": [{"type": "i32", "value": "9"}]}, "expected": [{"type": "i32", "value": "8"}]}, 
+  {"type": "assert_return", "line": 1176, "action": {"type": "invoke", "field": "nested-br_table-value", "args": [{"type": "i32", "value": "4294967287"}]}, "expected": [{"type": "i32", "value": "8"}]}, 
+  {"type": "assert_return", "line": 1177, "action": {"type": "invoke", "field": "nested-br_table-value", "args": [{"type": "i32", "value": "999999"}]}, "expected": [{"type": "i32", "value": "8"}]}, 
+  {"type": "assert_return", "line": 1179, "action": {"type": "invoke", "field": "nested-br_table-value-index", "args": [{"type": "i32", "value": "0"}]}, "expected": [{"type": "i32", "value": "9"}]}, 
+  {"type": "assert_return", "line": 1180, "action": {"type": "invoke", "field": "nested-br_table-value-index", "args": [{"type": "i32", "value": "1"}]}, "expected": [{"type": "i32", "value": "8"}]}, 
+  {"type": "assert_return", "line": 1181, "action": {"type": "invoke", "field": "nested-br_table-value-index", "args": [{"type": "i32", "value": "2"}]}, "expected": [{"type": "i32", "value": "9"}]}, 
+  {"type": "assert_return", "line": 1182, "action": {"type": "invoke", "field": "nested-br_table-value-index", "args": [{"type": "i32", "value": "3"}]}, "expected": [{"type": "i32", "value": "9"}]}, 
+  {"type": "assert_return", "line": 1183, "action": {"type": "invoke", "field": "nested-br_table-value-index", "args": [{"type": "i32", "value": "4293967296"}]}, "expected": [{"type": "i32", "value": "9"}]}, 
+  {"type": "assert_return", "line": 1184, "action": {"type": "invoke", "field": "nested-br_table-value-index", "args": [{"type": "i32", "value": "9423975"}]}, "expected": [{"type": "i32", "value": "9"}]}, 
+  {"type": "assert_return", "line": 1186, "action": {"type": "invoke", "field": "nested-br_table-loop-block", "args": [{"type": "i32", "value": "1"}]}, "expected": [{"type": "i32", "value": "3"}]}, 
+  {"type": "assert_return", "line": 1188, "action": {"type": "invoke", "field": "meet-externref", "args": [{"type": "i32", "value": "0"}, {"type": "externref", "value": "1"}]}, "expected": [{"type": "externref", "value": "1"}]}, 
+  {"type": "assert_return", "line": 1189, "action": {"type": "invoke", "field": "meet-externref", "args": [{"type": "i32", "value": "1"}, {"type": "externref", "value": "1"}]}, "expected": [{"type": "externref", "value": "1"}]}, 
+  {"type": "assert_return", "line": 1190, "action": {"type": "invoke", "field": "meet-externref", "args": [{"type": "i32", "value": "2"}, {"type": "externref", "value": "1"}]}, "expected": [{"type": "externref", "value": "1"}]}, 
+  {"type": "assert_invalid", "line": 1193, "filename": "br_table.1.wasm", "text": "type mismatch", "module_type": "binary"}, 
+  {"type": "assert_invalid", "line": 1200, "filename": "br_table.2.wasm", "text": "type mismatch", "module_type": "binary"}, 
+  {"type": "assert_invalid", "line": 1207, "filename": "br_table.3.wasm", "text": "type mismatch", "module_type": "binary"}, 
+  {"type": "assert_invalid", "line": 1213, "filename": "br_table.4.wasm", "text": "type mismatch", "module_type": "binary"}, 
+  {"type": "assert_invalid", "line": 1221, "filename": "br_table.5.wasm", "text": "type mismatch", "module_type": "binary"}, 
+  {"type": "assert_invalid", "line": 1232, "filename": "br_table.6.wasm", "text": "type mismatch", "module_type": "binary"}, 
+  {"type": "assert_invalid", "line": 1243, "filename": "br_table.7.wasm", "text": "type mismatch", "module_type": "binary"}, 
+  {"type": "assert_invalid", "line": 1249, "filename": "br_table.8.wasm", "text": "type mismatch", "module_type": "binary"}, 
+  {"type": "assert_invalid", "line": 1255, "filename": "br_table.9.wasm", "text": "type mismatch", "module_type": "binary"}, 
+  {"type": "assert_invalid", "line": 1261, "filename": "br_table.10.wasm", "text": "type mismatch", "module_type": "binary"}, 
+  {"type": "assert_invalid", "line": 1267, "filename": "br_table.11.wasm", "text": "type mismatch", "module_type": "binary"}, 
+  {"type": "assert_invalid", "line": 1276, "filename": "br_table.12.wasm", "text": "type mismatch", "module_type": "binary"}, 
+  {"type": "assert_invalid", "line": 1283, "filename": "br_table.13.wasm", "text": "type mismatch", "module_type": "binary"}, 
+  {"type": "assert_invalid", "line": 1295, "filename": "br_table.14.wasm", "text": "type mismatch", "module_type": "binary"}, 
+  {"type": "assert_invalid", "line": 1307, "filename": "br_table.15.wasm", "text": "type mismatch", "module_type": "binary"}, 
+  {"type": "assert_invalid", "line": 1318, "filename": "br_table.16.wasm", "text": "type mismatch", "module_type": "binary"}, 
+  {"type": "assert_invalid", "line": 1330, "filename": "br_table.17.wasm", "text": "type mismatch", "module_type": "binary"}, 
+  {"type": "assert_invalid", "line": 1342, "filename": "br_table.18.wasm", "text": "type mismatch", "module_type": "binary"}, 
+  {"type": "assert_invalid", "line": 1356, "filename": "br_table.19.wasm", "text": "unknown label", "module_type": "binary"}, 
+  {"type": "assert_invalid", "line": 1362, "filename": "br_table.20.wasm", "text": "unknown label", "module_type": "binary"}, 
+  {"type": "assert_invalid", "line": 1368, "filename": "br_table.21.wasm", "text": "unknown label", "module_type": "binary"}, 
+  {"type": "assert_invalid", "line": 1375, "filename": "br_table.22.wasm", "text": "unknown label", "module_type": "binary"}, 
+  {"type": "assert_invalid", "line": 1381, "filename": "br_table.23.wasm", "text": "unknown label", "module_type": "binary"}, 
+  {"type": "assert_invalid", "line": 1387, "filename": "br_table.24.wasm", "text": "unknown label", "module_type": "binary"}]}
diff --git a/internal/integration_test/spectest/v2/testdata/br_table.wast b/internal/integration_test/spectest/v2/testdata/br_table.wast
index 5c1aa50c..3fc533d5 100644
--- a/internal/integration_test/spectest/v2/testdata/br_table.wast
+++ b/internal/integration_test/spectest/v2/testdata/br_table.wast
@@ -583,255 +583,6 @@
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           (local.get 0)
         )
         (return (i32.const -1))
diff --git a/internal/integration_test/spectest/v2/testdata/elem.68.wasm b/internal/integration_test/spectest/v2/testdata/elem.68.wasm
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..de641d09
Binary files /dev/null and b/internal/integration_test/spectest/v2/testdata/elem.68.wasm differ
diff --git a/internal/integration_test/spectest/v2/testdata/elem.69.wasm b/internal/integration_test/spectest/v2/testdata/elem.69.wasm
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..ae53007c
Binary files /dev/null and b/internal/integration_test/spectest/v2/testdata/elem.69.wasm differ
diff --git a/internal/integration_test/spectest/v2/testdata/elem.json b/internal/integration_test/spectest/v2/testdata/elem.json
index e799231b..410ab69b 100644
--- a/internal/integration_test/spectest/v2/testdata/elem.json
+++ b/internal/integration_test/spectest/v2/testdata/elem.json
@@ -94,4 +94,8 @@
   {"type": "assert_return", "line": 670, "action": {"type": "invoke", "module": "$m", "field": "get", "args": [{"type": "i32", "value": "1"}]}, "expected": [{"type": "externref", "value": "137"}]}, 
   {"type": "module", "line": 672, "filename": "elem.67.wasm"}, 
   {"type": "assert_return", "line": 676, "action": {"type": "invoke", "module": "$m", "field": "get", "args": [{"type": "i32", "value": "0"}]}, "expected": [{"type": "externref", "value": "null"}]}, 
-  {"type": "assert_return", "line": 677, "action": {"type": "invoke", "module": "$m", "field": "get", "args": [{"type": "i32", "value": "1"}]}, "expected": [{"type": "externref", "value": "137"}]}]}
+  {"type": "assert_return", "line": 677, "action": {"type": "invoke", "module": "$m", "field": "get", "args": [{"type": "i32", "value": "1"}]}, "expected": [{"type": "externref", "value": "137"}]}, 
+  {"type": "module", "line": 681, "name": "$module4", "filename": "elem.68.wasm"}, 
+  {"type": "register", "line": 688, "name": "$module4", "as": "module4"}, 
+  {"type": "module", "line": 690, "filename": "elem.69.wasm"}, 
+  {"type": "assert_return", "line": 700, "action": {"type": "invoke", "field": "call_imported_elem", "args": []}, "expected": [{"type": "i32", "value": "42"}]}]}
diff --git a/internal/integration_test/spectest/v2/testdata/elem.wast b/internal/integration_test/spectest/v2/testdata/elem.wast
index 5857ae8b..4a399eca 100644
--- a/internal/integration_test/spectest/v2/testdata/elem.wast
+++ b/internal/integration_test/spectest/v2/testdata/elem.wast
@@ -675,3 +675,26 @@
 
 (assert_return (invoke $m "get" (i32.const 0)) (ref.null extern))
 (assert_return (invoke $m "get" (i32.const 1)) (ref.extern 137))
+
+;; Initializing a table with imported funcref global
+
+(module $module4
+  (func (result i32)
+    i32.const 42
+  )
+  (global (export "f") funcref (ref.func 0))
+)
+
+(register "module4" $module4)
+
+(module
+  (import "module4" "f" (global funcref))
+  (type $out-i32 (func (result i32)))
+  (table 10 funcref)
+  (elem (offset (i32.const 0)) funcref (global.get 0))
+  (func (export "call_imported_elem") (type $out-i32)
+    (call_indirect (type $out-i32) (i32.const 0))
+  )
+)
+
+(assert_return (invoke "call_imported_elem") (i32.const 42))
diff --git a/internal/integration_test/spectest/v2/testdata/simd_linking.0.wasm b/internal/integration_test/spectest/v2/testdata/simd_linking.0.wasm
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..7d55ead7
Binary files /dev/null and b/internal/integration_test/spectest/v2/testdata/simd_linking.0.wasm differ
diff --git a/internal/integration_test/spectest/v2/testdata/simd_linking.1.wasm b/internal/integration_test/spectest/v2/testdata/simd_linking.1.wasm
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..99aad164
Binary files /dev/null and b/internal/integration_test/spectest/v2/testdata/simd_linking.1.wasm differ
diff --git a/internal/integration_test/spectest/v2/testdata/simd_linking.json b/internal/integration_test/spectest/v2/testdata/simd_linking.json
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..aad0a959
--- /dev/null
+++ b/internal/integration_test/spectest/v2/testdata/simd_linking.json
@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+{"source_filename": "./simd_linking.wast",
+ "commands": [
+  {"type": "module", "line": 1, "filename": "simd_linking.0.wasm"}, 
+  {"type": "register", "line": 5, "as": "Mv128"}, 
+  {"type": "module", "line": 7, "filename": "simd_linking.1.wasm"}]}
diff --git a/internal/integration_test/spectest/v2/testdata/simd_linking.wast b/internal/integration_test/spectest/v2/testdata/simd_linking.wast
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..1a1d1635
--- /dev/null
+++ b/internal/integration_test/spectest/v2/testdata/simd_linking.wast
@@ -0,0 +1,12 @@
+(module
+  (global (export "g-v128") v128 (v128.const i64x2 0 0))
+  (global (export "mg-v128") (mut v128) (v128.const i64x2 0 0))
+)
+(register "Mv128")
+
+(module
+  ;; TODO: Reactivate once the fix for https://bugs.chromium.org/p/v8/issues/detail?id=13732
+  ;; has made it to the downstream node.js that we use on CI.
+  ;; (import "Mv128" "g-v128" (global v128))
+  (import "Mv128" "mg-v128" (global (mut v128)))
+)
diff --git a/internal/integration_test/spectest/v2/testdata/table_fill.0.wasm b/internal/integration_test/spectest/v2/testdata/table_fill.0.wasm
index 11e177fc..fb9a2acd 100644
Binary files a/internal/integration_test/spectest/v2/testdata/table_fill.0.wasm and b/internal/integration_test/spectest/v2/testdata/table_fill.0.wasm differ
diff --git a/internal/integration_test/spectest/v2/testdata/table_fill.json b/internal/integration_test/spectest/v2/testdata/table_fill.json
index fe572e52..531d1a24 100644
--- a/internal/integration_test/spectest/v2/testdata/table_fill.json
+++ b/internal/integration_test/spectest/v2/testdata/table_fill.json
@@ -1,47 +1,47 @@
 {"source_filename": "./table_fill.wast",
  "commands": [
   {"type": "module", "line": 1, "filename": "table_fill.0.wasm"}, 
-  {"type": "assert_return", "line": 13, "action": {"type": "invoke", "field": "get", "args": [{"type": "i32", "value": "1"}]}, "expected": [{"type": "externref", "value": "null"}]}, 
-  {"type": "assert_return", "line": 14, "action": {"type": "invoke", "field": "get", "args": [{"type": "i32", "value": "2"}]}, "expected": [{"type": "externref", "value": "null"}]}, 
-  {"type": "assert_return", "line": 15, "action": {"type": "invoke", "field": "get", "args": [{"type": "i32", "value": "3"}]}, "expected": [{"type": "externref", "value": "null"}]}, 
-  {"type": "assert_return", "line": 16, "action": {"type": "invoke", "field": "get", "args": [{"type": "i32", "value": "4"}]}, "expected": [{"type": "externref", "value": "null"}]}, 
-  {"type": "assert_return", "line": 17, "action": {"type": "invoke", "field": "get", "args": [{"type": "i32", "value": "5"}]}, "expected": [{"type": "externref", "value": "null"}]}, 
-  {"type": "assert_return", "line": 19, "action": {"type": "invoke", "field": "fill", "args": [{"type": "i32", "value": "2"}, {"type": "externref", "value": "1"}, {"type": "i32", "value": "3"}]}, "expected": []}, 
-  {"type": "assert_return", "line": 20, "action": {"type": "invoke", "field": "get", "args": [{"type": "i32", "value": "1"}]}, "expected": [{"type": "externref", "value": "null"}]}, 
-  {"type": "assert_return", "line": 21, "action": {"type": "invoke", "field": "get", "args": [{"type": "i32", "value": "2"}]}, "expected": [{"type": "externref", "value": "1"}]}, 
-  {"type": "assert_return", "line": 22, "action": {"type": "invoke", "field": "get", "args": [{"type": "i32", "value": "3"}]}, "expected": [{"type": "externref", "value": "1"}]}, 
-  {"type": "assert_return", "line": 23, "action": {"type": "invoke", "field": "get", "args": [{"type": "i32", "value": "4"}]}, "expected": [{"type": "externref", "value": "1"}]}, 
-  {"type": "assert_return", "line": 24, "action": {"type": "invoke", "field": "get", "args": [{"type": "i32", "value": "5"}]}, "expected": [{"type": "externref", "value": "null"}]}, 
-  {"type": "assert_return", "line": 26, "action": {"type": "invoke", "field": "fill", "args": [{"type": "i32", "value": "4"}, {"type": "externref", "value": "2"}, {"type": "i32", "value": "2"}]}, "expected": []}, 
-  {"type": "assert_return", "line": 27, "action": {"type": "invoke", "field": "get", "args": [{"type": "i32", "value": "3"}]}, "expected": [{"type": "externref", "value": "1"}]}, 
-  {"type": "assert_return", "line": 28, "action": {"type": "invoke", "field": "get", "args": [{"type": "i32", "value": "4"}]}, "expected": [{"type": "externref", "value": "2"}]}, 
-  {"type": "assert_return", "line": 29, "action": {"type": "invoke", "field": "get", "args": [{"type": "i32", "value": "5"}]}, "expected": [{"type": "externref", "value": "2"}]}, 
-  {"type": "assert_return", "line": 30, "action": {"type": "invoke", "field": "get", "args": [{"type": "i32", "value": "6"}]}, "expected": [{"type": "externref", "value": "null"}]}, 
-  {"type": "assert_return", "line": 32, "action": {"type": "invoke", "field": "fill", "args": [{"type": "i32", "value": "4"}, {"type": "externref", "value": "3"}, {"type": "i32", "value": "0"}]}, "expected": []}, 
-  {"type": "assert_return", "line": 33, "action": {"type": "invoke", "field": "get", "args": [{"type": "i32", "value": "3"}]}, "expected": [{"type": "externref", "value": "1"}]}, 
-  {"type": "assert_return", "line": 34, "action": {"type": "invoke", "field": "get", "args": [{"type": "i32", "value": "4"}]}, "expected": [{"type": "externref", "value": "2"}]}, 
-  {"type": "assert_return", "line": 35, "action": {"type": "invoke", "field": "get", "args": [{"type": "i32", "value": "5"}]}, "expected": [{"type": "externref", "value": "2"}]}, 
-  {"type": "assert_return", "line": 37, "action": {"type": "invoke", "field": "fill", "args": [{"type": "i32", "value": "8"}, {"type": "externref", "value": "4"}, {"type": "i32", "value": "2"}]}, "expected": []}, 
-  {"type": "assert_return", "line": 38, "action": {"type": "invoke", "field": "get", "args": [{"type": "i32", "value": "7"}]}, "expected": [{"type": "externref", "value": "null"}]}, 
-  {"type": "assert_return", "line": 39, "action": {"type": "invoke", "field": "get", "args": [{"type": "i32", "value": "8"}]}, "expected": [{"type": "externref", "value": "4"}]}, 
-  {"type": "assert_return", "line": 40, "action": {"type": "invoke", "field": "get", "args": [{"type": "i32", "value": "9"}]}, "expected": [{"type": "externref", "value": "4"}]}, 
-  {"type": "assert_return", "line": 42, "action": {"type": "invoke", "field": "fill", "args": [{"type": "i32", "value": "9"}, {"type": "externref", "value": "null"}, {"type": "i32", "value": "1"}]}, "expected": []}, 
+  {"type": "assert_return", "line": 17, "action": {"type": "invoke", "field": "get", "args": [{"type": "i32", "value": "1"}]}, "expected": [{"type": "externref", "value": "null"}]}, 
+  {"type": "assert_return", "line": 18, "action": {"type": "invoke", "field": "get", "args": [{"type": "i32", "value": "2"}]}, "expected": [{"type": "externref", "value": "null"}]}, 
+  {"type": "assert_return", "line": 19, "action": {"type": "invoke", "field": "get", "args": [{"type": "i32", "value": "3"}]}, "expected": [{"type": "externref", "value": "null"}]}, 
+  {"type": "assert_return", "line": 20, "action": {"type": "invoke", "field": "get", "args": [{"type": "i32", "value": "4"}]}, "expected": [{"type": "externref", "value": "null"}]}, 
+  {"type": "assert_return", "line": 21, "action": {"type": "invoke", "field": "get", "args": [{"type": "i32", "value": "5"}]}, "expected": [{"type": "externref", "value": "null"}]}, 
+  {"type": "assert_return", "line": 23, "action": {"type": "invoke", "field": "fill", "args": [{"type": "i32", "value": "2"}, {"type": "externref", "value": "1"}, {"type": "i32", "value": "3"}]}, "expected": []}, 
+  {"type": "assert_return", "line": 24, "action": {"type": "invoke", "field": "get", "args": [{"type": "i32", "value": "1"}]}, "expected": [{"type": "externref", "value": "null"}]}, 
+  {"type": "assert_return", "line": 25, "action": {"type": "invoke", "field": "get", "args": [{"type": "i32", "value": "2"}]}, "expected": [{"type": "externref", "value": "1"}]}, 
+  {"type": "assert_return", "line": 26, "action": {"type": "invoke", "field": "get", "args": [{"type": "i32", "value": "3"}]}, "expected": [{"type": "externref", "value": "1"}]}, 
+  {"type": "assert_return", "line": 27, "action": {"type": "invoke", "field": "get", "args": [{"type": "i32", "value": "4"}]}, "expected": [{"type": "externref", "value": "1"}]}, 
+  {"type": "assert_return", "line": 28, "action": {"type": "invoke", "field": "get", "args": [{"type": "i32", "value": "5"}]}, "expected": [{"type": "externref", "value": "null"}]}, 
+  {"type": "assert_return", "line": 30, "action": {"type": "invoke", "field": "fill", "args": [{"type": "i32", "value": "4"}, {"type": "externref", "value": "2"}, {"type": "i32", "value": "2"}]}, "expected": []}, 
+  {"type": "assert_return", "line": 31, "action": {"type": "invoke", "field": "get", "args": [{"type": "i32", "value": "3"}]}, "expected": [{"type": "externref", "value": "1"}]}, 
+  {"type": "assert_return", "line": 32, "action": {"type": "invoke", "field": "get", "args": [{"type": "i32", "value": "4"}]}, "expected": [{"type": "externref", "value": "2"}]}, 
+  {"type": "assert_return", "line": 33, "action": {"type": "invoke", "field": "get", "args": [{"type": "i32", "value": "5"}]}, "expected": [{"type": "externref", "value": "2"}]}, 
+  {"type": "assert_return", "line": 34, "action": {"type": "invoke", "field": "get", "args": [{"type": "i32", "value": "6"}]}, "expected": [{"type": "externref", "value": "null"}]}, 
+  {"type": "assert_return", "line": 36, "action": {"type": "invoke", "field": "fill", "args": [{"type": "i32", "value": "4"}, {"type": "externref", "value": "3"}, {"type": "i32", "value": "0"}]}, "expected": []}, 
+  {"type": "assert_return", "line": 37, "action": {"type": "invoke", "field": "get", "args": [{"type": "i32", "value": "3"}]}, "expected": [{"type": "externref", "value": "1"}]}, 
+  {"type": "assert_return", "line": 38, "action": {"type": "invoke", "field": "get", "args": [{"type": "i32", "value": "4"}]}, "expected": [{"type": "externref", "value": "2"}]}, 
+  {"type": "assert_return", "line": 39, "action": {"type": "invoke", "field": "get", "args": [{"type": "i32", "value": "5"}]}, "expected": [{"type": "externref", "value": "2"}]}, 
+  {"type": "assert_return", "line": 41, "action": {"type": "invoke", "field": "fill", "args": [{"type": "i32", "value": "8"}, {"type": "externref", "value": "4"}, {"type": "i32", "value": "2"}]}, "expected": []}, 
+  {"type": "assert_return", "line": 42, "action": {"type": "invoke", "field": "get", "args": [{"type": "i32", "value": "7"}]}, "expected": [{"type": "externref", "value": "null"}]}, 
   {"type": "assert_return", "line": 43, "action": {"type": "invoke", "field": "get", "args": [{"type": "i32", "value": "8"}]}, "expected": [{"type": "externref", "value": "4"}]}, 
-  {"type": "assert_return", "line": 44, "action": {"type": "invoke", "field": "get", "args": [{"type": "i32", "value": "9"}]}, "expected": [{"type": "externref", "value": "null"}]}, 
-  {"type": "assert_return", "line": 46, "action": {"type": "invoke", "field": "fill", "args": [{"type": "i32", "value": "10"}, {"type": "externref", "value": "5"}, {"type": "i32", "value": "0"}]}, "expected": []}, 
-  {"type": "assert_return", "line": 47, "action": {"type": "invoke", "field": "get", "args": [{"type": "i32", "value": "9"}]}, "expected": [{"type": "externref", "value": "null"}]}, 
-  {"type": "assert_trap", "line": 50, "action": {"type": "invoke", "field": "fill", "args": [{"type": "i32", "value": "8"}, {"type": "externref", "value": "6"}, {"type": "i32", "value": "3"}]}, "text": "out of bounds table access", "expected": []}, 
-  {"type": "assert_return", "line": 53, "action": {"type": "invoke", "field": "get", "args": [{"type": "i32", "value": "7"}]}, "expected": [{"type": "externref", "value": "null"}]}, 
-  {"type": "assert_return", "line": 54, "action": {"type": "invoke", "field": "get", "args": [{"type": "i32", "value": "8"}]}, "expected": [{"type": "externref", "value": "4"}]}, 
-  {"type": "assert_return", "line": 55, "action": {"type": "invoke", "field": "get", "args": [{"type": "i32", "value": "9"}]}, "expected": [{"type": "externref", "value": "null"}]}, 
-  {"type": "assert_trap", "line": 58, "action": {"type": "invoke", "field": "fill", "args": [{"type": "i32", "value": "11"}, {"type": "externref", "value": "null"}, {"type": "i32", "value": "0"}]}, "text": "out of bounds table access", "expected": []}, 
-  {"type": "assert_trap", "line": 63, "action": {"type": "invoke", "field": "fill", "args": [{"type": "i32", "value": "11"}, {"type": "externref", "value": "null"}, {"type": "i32", "value": "10"}]}, "text": "out of bounds table access", "expected": []}, 
-  {"type": "assert_invalid", "line": 71, "filename": "table_fill.1.wasm", "text": "type mismatch", "module_type": "binary"}, 
-  {"type": "assert_invalid", "line": 80, "filename": "table_fill.2.wasm", "text": "type mismatch", "module_type": "binary"}, 
-  {"type": "assert_invalid", "line": 89, "filename": "table_fill.3.wasm", "text": "type mismatch", "module_type": "binary"}, 
-  {"type": "assert_invalid", "line": 98, "filename": "table_fill.4.wasm", "text": "type mismatch", "module_type": "binary"}, 
-  {"type": "assert_invalid", "line": 107, "filename": "table_fill.5.wasm", "text": "type mismatch", "module_type": "binary"}, 
-  {"type": "assert_invalid", "line": 116, "filename": "table_fill.6.wasm", "text": "type mismatch", "module_type": "binary"}, 
-  {"type": "assert_invalid", "line": 125, "filename": "table_fill.7.wasm", "text": "type mismatch", "module_type": "binary"}, 
-  {"type": "assert_invalid", "line": 135, "filename": "table_fill.8.wasm", "text": "type mismatch", "module_type": "binary"}, 
-  {"type": "assert_invalid", "line": 146, "filename": "table_fill.9.wasm", "text": "type mismatch", "module_type": "binary"}]}
+  {"type": "assert_return", "line": 44, "action": {"type": "invoke", "field": "get", "args": [{"type": "i32", "value": "9"}]}, "expected": [{"type": "externref", "value": "4"}]}, 
+  {"type": "assert_return", "line": 46, "action": {"type": "invoke", "field": "fill-abbrev", "args": [{"type": "i32", "value": "9"}, {"type": "externref", "value": "null"}, {"type": "i32", "value": "1"}]}, "expected": []}, 
+  {"type": "assert_return", "line": 47, "action": {"type": "invoke", "field": "get", "args": [{"type": "i32", "value": "8"}]}, "expected": [{"type": "externref", "value": "4"}]}, 
+  {"type": "assert_return", "line": 48, "action": {"type": "invoke", "field": "get", "args": [{"type": "i32", "value": "9"}]}, "expected": [{"type": "externref", "value": "null"}]}, 
+  {"type": "assert_return", "line": 50, "action": {"type": "invoke", "field": "fill", "args": [{"type": "i32", "value": "10"}, {"type": "externref", "value": "5"}, {"type": "i32", "value": "0"}]}, "expected": []}, 
+  {"type": "assert_return", "line": 51, "action": {"type": "invoke", "field": "get", "args": [{"type": "i32", "value": "9"}]}, "expected": [{"type": "externref", "value": "null"}]}, 
+  {"type": "assert_trap", "line": 54, "action": {"type": "invoke", "field": "fill", "args": [{"type": "i32", "value": "8"}, {"type": "externref", "value": "6"}, {"type": "i32", "value": "3"}]}, "text": "out of bounds table access", "expected": []}, 
+  {"type": "assert_return", "line": 57, "action": {"type": "invoke", "field": "get", "args": [{"type": "i32", "value": "7"}]}, "expected": [{"type": "externref", "value": "null"}]}, 
+  {"type": "assert_return", "line": 58, "action": {"type": "invoke", "field": "get", "args": [{"type": "i32", "value": "8"}]}, "expected": [{"type": "externref", "value": "4"}]}, 
+  {"type": "assert_return", "line": 59, "action": {"type": "invoke", "field": "get", "args": [{"type": "i32", "value": "9"}]}, "expected": [{"type": "externref", "value": "null"}]}, 
+  {"type": "assert_trap", "line": 62, "action": {"type": "invoke", "field": "fill", "args": [{"type": "i32", "value": "11"}, {"type": "externref", "value": "null"}, {"type": "i32", "value": "0"}]}, "text": "out of bounds table access", "expected": []}, 
+  {"type": "assert_trap", "line": 67, "action": {"type": "invoke", "field": "fill", "args": [{"type": "i32", "value": "11"}, {"type": "externref", "value": "null"}, {"type": "i32", "value": "10"}]}, "text": "out of bounds table access", "expected": []}, 
+  {"type": "assert_invalid", "line": 75, "filename": "table_fill.1.wasm", "text": "type mismatch", "module_type": "binary"}, 
+  {"type": "assert_invalid", "line": 84, "filename": "table_fill.2.wasm", "text": "type mismatch", "module_type": "binary"}, 
+  {"type": "assert_invalid", "line": 93, "filename": "table_fill.3.wasm", "text": "type mismatch", "module_type": "binary"}, 
+  {"type": "assert_invalid", "line": 102, "filename": "table_fill.4.wasm", "text": "type mismatch", "module_type": "binary"}, 
+  {"type": "assert_invalid", "line": 111, "filename": "table_fill.5.wasm", "text": "type mismatch", "module_type": "binary"}, 
+  {"type": "assert_invalid", "line": 120, "filename": "table_fill.6.wasm", "text": "type mismatch", "module_type": "binary"}, 
+  {"type": "assert_invalid", "line": 129, "filename": "table_fill.7.wasm", "text": "type mismatch", "module_type": "binary"}, 
+  {"type": "assert_invalid", "line": 139, "filename": "table_fill.8.wasm", "text": "type mismatch", "module_type": "binary"}, 
+  {"type": "assert_invalid", "line": 150, "filename": "table_fill.9.wasm", "text": "type mismatch", "module_type": "binary"}]}
diff --git a/internal/integration_test/spectest/v2/testdata/table_fill.wast b/internal/integration_test/spectest/v2/testdata/table_fill.wast
index 3df64da1..a8e22255 100644
--- a/internal/integration_test/spectest/v2/testdata/table_fill.wast
+++ b/internal/integration_test/spectest/v2/testdata/table_fill.wast
@@ -5,6 +5,10 @@
     (table.fill $t (local.get $i) (local.get $r) (local.get $n))
   )
 
+  (func (export "fill-abbrev") (param $i i32) (param $r externref) (param $n i32)
+    (table.fill (local.get $i) (local.get $r) (local.get $n))
+  )
+
   (func (export "get") (param $i i32) (result externref)
     (table.get $t (local.get $i))
   )
@@ -39,7 +43,7 @@
 (assert_return (invoke "get" (i32.const 8)) (ref.extern 4))
 (assert_return (invoke "get" (i32.const 9)) (ref.extern 4))
 
-(assert_return (invoke "fill" (i32.const 9) (ref.null extern) (i32.const 1)))
+(assert_return (invoke "fill-abbrev" (i32.const 9) (ref.null extern) (i32.const 1)))
 (assert_return (invoke "get" (i32.const 8)) (ref.extern 4))
 (assert_return (invoke "get" (i32.const 9)) (ref.null extern))
 
diff --git a/internal/integration_test/spectest/v2/testdata/table_get.wast b/internal/integration_test/spectest/v2/testdata/table_get.wast
index 5d57c319..0dedb19f 100644
--- a/internal/integration_test/spectest/v2/testdata/table_get.wast
+++ b/internal/integration_test/spectest/v2/testdata/table_get.wast
@@ -10,7 +10,7 @@
   )
 
   (func (export "get-externref") (param $i i32) (result externref)
-    (table.get $t2 (local.get $i))
+    (table.get (local.get $i))
   )
   (func $f3 (export "get-funcref") (param $i i32) (result funcref)
     (table.get $t3 (local.get $i))
diff --git a/internal/integration_test/spectest/v2/testdata/table_grow.0.wasm b/internal/integration_test/spectest/v2/testdata/table_grow.0.wasm
index 675ebda6..184954c8 100644
Binary files a/internal/integration_test/spectest/v2/testdata/table_grow.0.wasm and b/internal/integration_test/spectest/v2/testdata/table_grow.0.wasm differ
diff --git a/internal/integration_test/spectest/v2/testdata/table_grow.json b/internal/integration_test/spectest/v2/testdata/table_grow.json
index 89bb4a3f..47a52aab 100644
--- a/internal/integration_test/spectest/v2/testdata/table_grow.json
+++ b/internal/integration_test/spectest/v2/testdata/table_grow.json
@@ -1,52 +1,52 @@
 {"source_filename": "./table_grow.wast",
  "commands": [
   {"type": "module", "line": 1, "filename": "table_grow.0.wasm"}, 
-  {"type": "assert_return", "line": 13, "action": {"type": "invoke", "field": "size", "args": []}, "expected": [{"type": "i32", "value": "0"}]}, 
-  {"type": "assert_trap", "line": 14, "action": {"type": "invoke", "field": "set", "args": [{"type": "i32", "value": "0"}, {"type": "externref", "value": "2"}]}, "text": "out of bounds table access", "expected": []}, 
-  {"type": "assert_trap", "line": 15, "action": {"type": "invoke", "field": "get", "args": [{"type": "i32", "value": "0"}]}, "text": "out of bounds table access", "expected": [{"type": "externref"}]}, 
-  {"type": "assert_return", "line": 17, "action": {"type": "invoke", "field": "grow", "args": [{"type": "i32", "value": "1"}, {"type": "externref", "value": "null"}]}, "expected": [{"type": "i32", "value": "0"}]}, 
-  {"type": "assert_return", "line": 18, "action": {"type": "invoke", "field": "size", "args": []}, "expected": [{"type": "i32", "value": "1"}]}, 
-  {"type": "assert_return", "line": 19, "action": {"type": "invoke", "field": "get", "args": [{"type": "i32", "value": "0"}]}, "expected": [{"type": "externref", "value": "null"}]}, 
-  {"type": "assert_return", "line": 20, "action": {"type": "invoke", "field": "set", "args": [{"type": "i32", "value": "0"}, {"type": "externref", "value": "2"}]}, "expected": []}, 
-  {"type": "assert_return", "line": 21, "action": {"type": "invoke", "field": "get", "args": [{"type": "i32", "value": "0"}]}, "expected": [{"type": "externref", "value": "2"}]}, 
-  {"type": "assert_trap", "line": 22, "action": {"type": "invoke", "field": "set", "args": [{"type": "i32", "value": "1"}, {"type": "externref", "value": "2"}]}, "text": "out of bounds table access", "expected": []}, 
-  {"type": "assert_trap", "line": 23, "action": {"type": "invoke", "field": "get", "args": [{"type": "i32", "value": "1"}]}, "text": "out of bounds table access", "expected": [{"type": "externref"}]}, 
-  {"type": "assert_return", "line": 25, "action": {"type": "invoke", "field": "grow", "args": [{"type": "i32", "value": "4"}, {"type": "externref", "value": "3"}]}, "expected": [{"type": "i32", "value": "1"}]}, 
-  {"type": "assert_return", "line": 26, "action": {"type": "invoke", "field": "size", "args": []}, "expected": [{"type": "i32", "value": "5"}]}, 
-  {"type": "assert_return", "line": 27, "action": {"type": "invoke", "field": "get", "args": [{"type": "i32", "value": "0"}]}, "expected": [{"type": "externref", "value": "2"}]}, 
-  {"type": "assert_return", "line": 28, "action": {"type": "invoke", "field": "set", "args": [{"type": "i32", "value": "0"}, {"type": "externref", "value": "2"}]}, "expected": []}, 
-  {"type": "assert_return", "line": 29, "action": {"type": "invoke", "field": "get", "args": [{"type": "i32", "value": "0"}]}, "expected": [{"type": "externref", "value": "2"}]}, 
-  {"type": "assert_return", "line": 30, "action": {"type": "invoke", "field": "get", "args": [{"type": "i32", "value": "1"}]}, "expected": [{"type": "externref", "value": "3"}]}, 
-  {"type": "assert_return", "line": 31, "action": {"type": "invoke", "field": "get", "args": [{"type": "i32", "value": "4"}]}, "expected": [{"type": "externref", "value": "3"}]}, 
-  {"type": "assert_return", "line": 32, "action": {"type": "invoke", "field": "set", "args": [{"type": "i32", "value": "4"}, {"type": "externref", "value": "4"}]}, "expected": []}, 
-  {"type": "assert_return", "line": 33, "action": {"type": "invoke", "field": "get", "args": [{"type": "i32", "value": "4"}]}, "expected": [{"type": "externref", "value": "4"}]}, 
-  {"type": "assert_trap", "line": 34, "action": {"type": "invoke", "field": "set", "args": [{"type": "i32", "value": "5"}, {"type": "externref", "value": "2"}]}, "text": "out of bounds table access", "expected": []}, 
-  {"type": "assert_trap", "line": 35, "action": {"type": "invoke", "field": "get", "args": [{"type": "i32", "value": "5"}]}, "text": "out of bounds table access", "expected": [{"type": "externref"}]}, 
-  {"type": "module", "line": 39, "filename": "table_grow.1.wasm"}, 
-  {"type": "assert_return", "line": 47, "action": {"type": "invoke", "field": "grow", "args": []}, "expected": [{"type": "i32", "value": "4294967295"}]}, 
-  {"type": "module", "line": 50, "filename": "table_grow.2.wasm"}, 
-  {"type": "assert_return", "line": 57, "action": {"type": "invoke", "field": "grow", "args": [{"type": "i32", "value": "0"}]}, "expected": [{"type": "i32", "value": "0"}]}, 
-  {"type": "assert_return", "line": 58, "action": {"type": "invoke", "field": "grow", "args": [{"type": "i32", "value": "1"}]}, "expected": [{"type": "i32", "value": "0"}]}, 
-  {"type": "assert_return", "line": 59, "action": {"type": "invoke", "field": "grow", "args": [{"type": "i32", "value": "0"}]}, "expected": [{"type": "i32", "value": "1"}]}, 
-  {"type": "assert_return", "line": 60, "action": {"type": "invoke", "field": "grow", "args": [{"type": "i32", "value": "2"}]}, "expected": [{"type": "i32", "value": "1"}]}, 
-  {"type": "assert_return", "line": 61, "action": {"type": "invoke", "field": "grow", "args": [{"type": "i32", "value": "800"}]}, "expected": [{"type": "i32", "value": "3"}]}, 
-  {"type": "module", "line": 64, "filename": "table_grow.3.wasm"}, 
-  {"type": "assert_return", "line": 71, "action": {"type": "invoke", "field": "grow", "args": [{"type": "i32", "value": "0"}]}, "expected": [{"type": "i32", "value": "0"}]}, 
-  {"type": "assert_return", "line": 72, "action": {"type": "invoke", "field": "grow", "args": [{"type": "i32", "value": "1"}]}, "expected": [{"type": "i32", "value": "0"}]}, 
-  {"type": "assert_return", "line": 73, "action": {"type": "invoke", "field": "grow", "args": [{"type": "i32", "value": "1"}]}, "expected": [{"type": "i32", "value": "1"}]}, 
-  {"type": "assert_return", "line": 74, "action": {"type": "invoke", "field": "grow", "args": [{"type": "i32", "value": "2"}]}, "expected": [{"type": "i32", "value": "2"}]}, 
-  {"type": "assert_return", "line": 75, "action": {"type": "invoke", "field": "grow", "args": [{"type": "i32", "value": "6"}]}, "expected": [{"type": "i32", "value": "4"}]}, 
-  {"type": "assert_return", "line": 76, "action": {"type": "invoke", "field": "grow", "args": [{"type": "i32", "value": "0"}]}, "expected": [{"type": "i32", "value": "10"}]}, 
-  {"type": "assert_return", "line": 77, "action": {"type": "invoke", "field": "grow", "args": [{"type": "i32", "value": "1"}]}, "expected": [{"type": "i32", "value": "4294967295"}]}, 
-  {"type": "assert_return", "line": 78, "action": {"type": "invoke", "field": "grow", "args": [{"type": "i32", "value": "65536"}]}, "expected": [{"type": "i32", "value": "4294967295"}]}, 
-  {"type": "module", "line": 81, "filename": "table_grow.4.wasm"}, 
-  {"type": "assert_return", "line": 103, "action": {"type": "invoke", "field": "check-table-null", "args": [{"type": "i32", "value": "0"}, {"type": "i32", "value": "9"}]}, "expected": [{"type": "funcref", "value": "null"}]}, 
-  {"type": "assert_return", "line": 104, "action": {"type": "invoke", "field": "grow", "args": [{"type": "i32", "value": "10"}]}, "expected": [{"type": "i32", "value": "10"}]}, 
-  {"type": "assert_return", "line": 105, "action": {"type": "invoke", "field": "check-table-null", "args": [{"type": "i32", "value": "0"}, {"type": "i32", "value": "19"}]}, "expected": [{"type": "funcref", "value": "null"}]}, 
-  {"type": "assert_invalid", "line": 111, "filename": "table_grow.5.wasm", "text": "type mismatch", "module_type": "binary"}, 
-  {"type": "assert_invalid", "line": 120, "filename": "table_grow.6.wasm", "text": "type mismatch", "module_type": "binary"}, 
-  {"type": "assert_invalid", "line": 129, "filename": "table_grow.7.wasm", "text": "type mismatch", "module_type": "binary"}, 
-  {"type": "assert_invalid", "line": 138, "filename": "table_grow.8.wasm", "text": "type mismatch", "module_type": "binary"}, 
-  {"type": "assert_invalid", "line": 147, "filename": "table_grow.9.wasm", "text": "type mismatch", "module_type": "binary"}, 
-  {"type": "assert_invalid", "line": 157, "filename": "table_grow.10.wasm", "text": "type mismatch", "module_type": "binary"}, 
-  {"type": "assert_invalid", "line": 166, "filename": "table_grow.11.wasm", "text": "type mismatch", "module_type": "binary"}]}
+  {"type": "assert_return", "line": 16, "action": {"type": "invoke", "field": "size", "args": []}, "expected": [{"type": "i32", "value": "0"}]}, 
+  {"type": "assert_trap", "line": 17, "action": {"type": "invoke", "field": "set", "args": [{"type": "i32", "value": "0"}, {"type": "externref", "value": "2"}]}, "text": "out of bounds table access", "expected": []}, 
+  {"type": "assert_trap", "line": 18, "action": {"type": "invoke", "field": "get", "args": [{"type": "i32", "value": "0"}]}, "text": "out of bounds table access", "expected": [{"type": "externref"}]}, 
+  {"type": "assert_return", "line": 20, "action": {"type": "invoke", "field": "grow", "args": [{"type": "i32", "value": "1"}, {"type": "externref", "value": "null"}]}, "expected": [{"type": "i32", "value": "0"}]}, 
+  {"type": "assert_return", "line": 21, "action": {"type": "invoke", "field": "size", "args": []}, "expected": [{"type": "i32", "value": "1"}]}, 
+  {"type": "assert_return", "line": 22, "action": {"type": "invoke", "field": "get", "args": [{"type": "i32", "value": "0"}]}, "expected": [{"type": "externref", "value": "null"}]}, 
+  {"type": "assert_return", "line": 23, "action": {"type": "invoke", "field": "set", "args": [{"type": "i32", "value": "0"}, {"type": "externref", "value": "2"}]}, "expected": []}, 
+  {"type": "assert_return", "line": 24, "action": {"type": "invoke", "field": "get", "args": [{"type": "i32", "value": "0"}]}, "expected": [{"type": "externref", "value": "2"}]}, 
+  {"type": "assert_trap", "line": 25, "action": {"type": "invoke", "field": "set", "args": [{"type": "i32", "value": "1"}, {"type": "externref", "value": "2"}]}, "text": "out of bounds table access", "expected": []}, 
+  {"type": "assert_trap", "line": 26, "action": {"type": "invoke", "field": "get", "args": [{"type": "i32", "value": "1"}]}, "text": "out of bounds table access", "expected": [{"type": "externref"}]}, 
+  {"type": "assert_return", "line": 28, "action": {"type": "invoke", "field": "grow-abbrev", "args": [{"type": "i32", "value": "4"}, {"type": "externref", "value": "3"}]}, "expected": [{"type": "i32", "value": "1"}]}, 
+  {"type": "assert_return", "line": 29, "action": {"type": "invoke", "field": "size", "args": []}, "expected": [{"type": "i32", "value": "5"}]}, 
+  {"type": "assert_return", "line": 30, "action": {"type": "invoke", "field": "get", "args": [{"type": "i32", "value": "0"}]}, "expected": [{"type": "externref", "value": "2"}]}, 
+  {"type": "assert_return", "line": 31, "action": {"type": "invoke", "field": "set", "args": [{"type": "i32", "value": "0"}, {"type": "externref", "value": "2"}]}, "expected": []}, 
+  {"type": "assert_return", "line": 32, "action": {"type": "invoke", "field": "get", "args": [{"type": "i32", "value": "0"}]}, "expected": [{"type": "externref", "value": "2"}]}, 
+  {"type": "assert_return", "line": 33, "action": {"type": "invoke", "field": "get", "args": [{"type": "i32", "value": "1"}]}, "expected": [{"type": "externref", "value": "3"}]}, 
+  {"type": "assert_return", "line": 34, "action": {"type": "invoke", "field": "get", "args": [{"type": "i32", "value": "4"}]}, "expected": [{"type": "externref", "value": "3"}]}, 
+  {"type": "assert_return", "line": 35, "action": {"type": "invoke", "field": "set", "args": [{"type": "i32", "value": "4"}, {"type": "externref", "value": "4"}]}, "expected": []}, 
+  {"type": "assert_return", "line": 36, "action": {"type": "invoke", "field": "get", "args": [{"type": "i32", "value": "4"}]}, "expected": [{"type": "externref", "value": "4"}]}, 
+  {"type": "assert_trap", "line": 37, "action": {"type": "invoke", "field": "set", "args": [{"type": "i32", "value": "5"}, {"type": "externref", "value": "2"}]}, "text": "out of bounds table access", "expected": []}, 
+  {"type": "assert_trap", "line": 38, "action": {"type": "invoke", "field": "get", "args": [{"type": "i32", "value": "5"}]}, "text": "out of bounds table access", "expected": [{"type": "externref"}]}, 
+  {"type": "module", "line": 42, "filename": "table_grow.1.wasm"}, 
+  {"type": "assert_return", "line": 50, "action": {"type": "invoke", "field": "grow", "args": []}, "expected": [{"type": "i32", "value": "4294967295"}]}, 
+  {"type": "module", "line": 53, "filename": "table_grow.2.wasm"}, 
+  {"type": "assert_return", "line": 60, "action": {"type": "invoke", "field": "grow", "args": [{"type": "i32", "value": "0"}]}, "expected": [{"type": "i32", "value": "0"}]}, 
+  {"type": "assert_return", "line": 61, "action": {"type": "invoke", "field": "grow", "args": [{"type": "i32", "value": "1"}]}, "expected": [{"type": "i32", "value": "0"}]}, 
+  {"type": "assert_return", "line": 62, "action": {"type": "invoke", "field": "grow", "args": [{"type": "i32", "value": "0"}]}, "expected": [{"type": "i32", "value": "1"}]}, 
+  {"type": "assert_return", "line": 63, "action": {"type": "invoke", "field": "grow", "args": [{"type": "i32", "value": "2"}]}, "expected": [{"type": "i32", "value": "1"}]}, 
+  {"type": "assert_return", "line": 64, "action": {"type": "invoke", "field": "grow", "args": [{"type": "i32", "value": "800"}]}, "expected": [{"type": "i32", "value": "3"}]}, 
+  {"type": "module", "line": 67, "filename": "table_grow.3.wasm"}, 
+  {"type": "assert_return", "line": 74, "action": {"type": "invoke", "field": "grow", "args": [{"type": "i32", "value": "0"}]}, "expected": [{"type": "i32", "value": "0"}]}, 
+  {"type": "assert_return", "line": 75, "action": {"type": "invoke", "field": "grow", "args": [{"type": "i32", "value": "1"}]}, "expected": [{"type": "i32", "value": "0"}]}, 
+  {"type": "assert_return", "line": 76, "action": {"type": "invoke", "field": "grow", "args": [{"type": "i32", "value": "1"}]}, "expected": [{"type": "i32", "value": "1"}]}, 
+  {"type": "assert_return", "line": 77, "action": {"type": "invoke", "field": "grow", "args": [{"type": "i32", "value": "2"}]}, "expected": [{"type": "i32", "value": "2"}]}, 
+  {"type": "assert_return", "line": 78, "action": {"type": "invoke", "field": "grow", "args": [{"type": "i32", "value": "6"}]}, "expected": [{"type": "i32", "value": "4"}]}, 
+  {"type": "assert_return", "line": 79, "action": {"type": "invoke", "field": "grow", "args": [{"type": "i32", "value": "0"}]}, "expected": [{"type": "i32", "value": "10"}]}, 
+  {"type": "assert_return", "line": 80, "action": {"type": "invoke", "field": "grow", "args": [{"type": "i32", "value": "1"}]}, "expected": [{"type": "i32", "value": "4294967295"}]}, 
+  {"type": "assert_return", "line": 81, "action": {"type": "invoke", "field": "grow", "args": [{"type": "i32", "value": "65536"}]}, "expected": [{"type": "i32", "value": "4294967295"}]}, 
+  {"type": "module", "line": 84, "filename": "table_grow.4.wasm"}, 
+  {"type": "assert_return", "line": 106, "action": {"type": "invoke", "field": "check-table-null", "args": [{"type": "i32", "value": "0"}, {"type": "i32", "value": "9"}]}, "expected": [{"type": "funcref", "value": "null"}]}, 
+  {"type": "assert_return", "line": 107, "action": {"type": "invoke", "field": "grow", "args": [{"type": "i32", "value": "10"}]}, "expected": [{"type": "i32", "value": "10"}]}, 
+  {"type": "assert_return", "line": 108, "action": {"type": "invoke", "field": "check-table-null", "args": [{"type": "i32", "value": "0"}, {"type": "i32", "value": "19"}]}, "expected": [{"type": "funcref", "value": "null"}]}, 
+  {"type": "assert_invalid", "line": 114, "filename": "table_grow.5.wasm", "text": "type mismatch", "module_type": "binary"}, 
+  {"type": "assert_invalid", "line": 123, "filename": "table_grow.6.wasm", "text": "type mismatch", "module_type": "binary"}, 
+  {"type": "assert_invalid", "line": 132, "filename": "table_grow.7.wasm", "text": "type mismatch", "module_type": "binary"}, 
+  {"type": "assert_invalid", "line": 141, "filename": "table_grow.8.wasm", "text": "type mismatch", "module_type": "binary"}, 
+  {"type": "assert_invalid", "line": 150, "filename": "table_grow.9.wasm", "text": "type mismatch", "module_type": "binary"}, 
+  {"type": "assert_invalid", "line": 160, "filename": "table_grow.10.wasm", "text": "type mismatch", "module_type": "binary"}, 
+  {"type": "assert_invalid", "line": 169, "filename": "table_grow.11.wasm", "text": "type mismatch", "module_type": "binary"}]}
diff --git a/internal/integration_test/spectest/v2/testdata/table_grow.wast b/internal/integration_test/spectest/v2/testdata/table_grow.wast
index 7d5b5630..9a931a7f 100644
--- a/internal/integration_test/spectest/v2/testdata/table_grow.wast
+++ b/internal/integration_test/spectest/v2/testdata/table_grow.wast
@@ -7,6 +7,9 @@
   (func (export "grow") (param $sz i32) (param $init externref) (result i32)
     (table.grow $t (local.get $init) (local.get $sz))
   )
+  (func (export "grow-abbrev") (param $sz i32) (param $init externref) (result i32)
+    (table.grow (local.get $init) (local.get $sz))
+  )
   (func (export "size") (result i32) (table.size $t))
 )
 
@@ -22,7 +25,7 @@
 (assert_trap (invoke "set" (i32.const 1) (ref.extern 2)) "out of bounds table access")
 (assert_trap (invoke "get" (i32.const 1)) "out of bounds table access")
 
-(assert_return (invoke "grow" (i32.const 4) (ref.extern 3)) (i32.const 1))
+(assert_return (invoke "grow-abbrev" (i32.const 4) (ref.extern 3)) (i32.const 1))
 (assert_return (invoke "size") (i32.const 5))
 (assert_return (invoke "get" (i32.const 0)) (ref.extern 2))
 (assert_return (invoke "set" (i32.const 0) (ref.extern 2)))
diff --git a/internal/integration_test/spectest/v2/testdata/table_set.wast b/internal/integration_test/spectest/v2/testdata/table_set.wast
index 5a9cfa37..3362f956 100644
--- a/internal/integration_test/spectest/v2/testdata/table_set.wast
+++ b/internal/integration_test/spectest/v2/testdata/table_set.wast
@@ -12,7 +12,7 @@
   )
 
   (func (export "set-externref") (param $i i32) (param $r externref)
-    (table.set $t2 (local.get $i) (local.get $r))
+    (table.set (local.get $i) (local.get $r))
   )
   (func (export "set-funcref") (param $i i32) (param $r funcref)
     (table.set $t3 (local.get $i) (local.get $r))
diff --git a/internal/integration_test/spectest/v2/testdata/table_size.wast b/internal/integration_test/spectest/v2/testdata/table_size.wast
index ad293b5e..83fef02b 100644
--- a/internal/integration_test/spectest/v2/testdata/table_size.wast
+++ b/internal/integration_test/spectest/v2/testdata/table_size.wast
@@ -4,7 +4,7 @@
   (table $t2 0 2 externref)
   (table $t3 3 8 externref)
 
-  (func (export "size-t0") (result i32) (table.size $t0))
+  (func (export "size-t0") (result i32) table.size)
   (func (export "size-t1") (result i32) (table.size $t1))
   (func (export "size-t2") (result i32) (table.size $t2))
   (func (export "size-t3") (result i32) (table.size $t3))
diff --git a/internal/wasm/binary/element.go b/internal/wasm/binary/element.go
index a969fcc5..538b9834 100644
--- a/internal/wasm/binary/element.go
+++ b/internal/wasm/binary/element.go
@@ -33,6 +33,10 @@ func decodeElementInitValueVector(r *bytes.Reader) ([]wasm.Index, error) {
 		if err != nil {
 			return nil, fmt.Errorf("read function index: %w", err)
 		}
+
+		if u32 >= wasm.MaximumFunctionIndex {
+			return nil, fmt.Errorf("too large function index in Element init: %d", u32)
+		}
 		vec[i] = u32
 	}
 	return vec, nil
@@ -56,6 +60,9 @@ func decodeElementConstExprVector(r *bytes.Reader, elemType wasm.RefType, enable
 				return nil, fmt.Errorf("element type mismatch: want %s, but constexpr has funcref", wasm.RefTypeName(elemType))
 			}
 			v, _, _ := leb128.LoadUint32(expr.Data)
+			if v >= wasm.MaximumFunctionIndex {
+				return nil, fmt.Errorf("too large function index in Element init: %d", v)
+			}
 			vec[i] = v
 		case wasm.OpcodeRefNull:
 			if elemType != expr.Data[0] {
@@ -63,6 +70,14 @@ func decodeElementConstExprVector(r *bytes.Reader, elemType wasm.RefType, enable
 					wasm.RefTypeName(elemType), wasm.RefTypeName(expr.Data[0]))
 			}
 			vec[i] = wasm.ElementInitNullReference
+		case wasm.OpcodeGlobalGet:
+			i32, _, _ := leb128.LoadInt32(expr.Data)
+			if elemType != wasm.RefTypeFuncref {
+				return nil, fmt.Errorf("element type mismatch: want %s, but requires funcref", wasm.RefTypeName(elemType))
+			}
+			// Resolving the function index is done at instantiation phase. See the comment on
+			// wasm.ElementInitImportedGlobalFunctionReference.
+			vec[i] = wasm.ElementInitImportedGlobalFunctionReference | wasm.Index(i32)
 		default:
 			return nil, fmt.Errorf("const expr must be either ref.null or ref.func but was %s", wasm.InstructionName(expr.Opcode))
 		}
diff --git a/internal/wasm/binary/element_test.go b/internal/wasm/binary/element_test.go
index 8eff438b..eefa7d12 100644
--- a/internal/wasm/binary/element_test.go
+++ b/internal/wasm/binary/element_test.go
@@ -17,8 +17,9 @@ func Test_ensureElementKindFuncRef(t *testing.T) {
 
 func Test_decodeElementInitValueVector(t *testing.T) {
 	tests := []struct {
-		in  []byte
-		exp []wasm.Index
+		in     []byte
+		exp    []wasm.Index
+		expErr string
 	}{
 		{
 			in:  []byte{0},
@@ -28,14 +29,25 @@ func Test_decodeElementInitValueVector(t *testing.T) {
 			in:  []byte{5, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5},
 			exp: []wasm.Index{1, 2, 3, 4, 5},
 		},
+		{
+			in: []byte{
+				1,
+				0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xf,
+			},
+			expErr: "too large function index in Element init: 4294967295",
+		},
 	}
 
 	for i, tt := range tests {
 		tc := tt
 		t.Run(strconv.Itoa(i), func(t *testing.T) {
 			actual, err := decodeElementInitValueVector(bytes.NewReader(tc.in))
-			require.NoError(t, err)
-			require.Equal(t, tc.exp, actual)
+			if tc.expErr != "" {
+				require.EqualError(t, err, tc.expErr)
+			} else {
+				require.NoError(t, err)
+				require.Equal(t, tc.exp, actual)
+			}
 		})
 	}
 }
@@ -65,14 +77,20 @@ func Test_decodeElementConstExprVector(t *testing.T) {
 		},
 		{
 			in: []byte{
-				3, // Three indexes.
+				4, // Three indexes.
 				wasm.OpcodeRefNull, wasm.RefTypeFuncref, wasm.OpcodeEnd,
 				wasm.OpcodeRefFunc,
-				0x80, 0x80, 0x80, 0x4f, // 165675008 in varint encoding.
+				0x80, 0x7f,
 				wasm.OpcodeEnd,
+				wasm.OpcodeGlobalGet, 1, wasm.OpcodeEnd,
 				wasm.OpcodeRefNull, wasm.RefTypeFuncref, wasm.OpcodeEnd,
 			},
-			exp:      []wasm.Index{wasm.ElementInitNullReference, 165675008, wasm.ElementInitNullReference},
+			exp: []wasm.Index{
+				wasm.ElementInitNullReference,
+				16256,
+				wasm.ElementInitImportedGlobalFunctionReference | 1,
+				wasm.ElementInitNullReference,
+			},
 			refType:  wasm.RefTypeFuncref,
 			features: api.CoreFeatureBulkMemoryOperations,
 		},
@@ -143,6 +161,20 @@ func Test_decodeElementConstExprVector_errors(t *testing.T) {
 			features: api.CoreFeaturesV2,
 			expErr:   "element type mismatch: want externref, but constexpr has funcref",
 		},
+		{
+			name:     "too large index - ref.fuc",
+			in:       []byte{1, wasm.OpcodeRefFunc, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xf, wasm.OpcodeEnd},
+			refType:  wasm.RefTypeFuncref,
+			features: api.CoreFeaturesV2,
+			expErr:   "too large function index in Element init: 4294967295",
+		},
+		{
+			name:     "type mismatch - global.get",
+			in:       []byte{1, wasm.OpcodeGlobalGet, 0, wasm.OpcodeEnd},
+			refType:  wasm.RefTypeExternref,
+			features: api.CoreFeaturesV2,
+			expErr:   "element type mismatch: want externref, but requires funcref",
+		},
 	}
 
 	for _, tt := range tests {
@@ -289,13 +321,13 @@ func TestDecodeElementSegment(t *testing.T) {
 				3, // number of const expr.
 				wasm.OpcodeRefNull, wasm.RefTypeFuncref, wasm.OpcodeEnd,
 				wasm.OpcodeRefFunc,
-				0x80, 0x80, 0x80, 0x4f, // 165675008 in varint encoding.
+				0x80, 0x7f,
 				wasm.OpcodeEnd,
 				wasm.OpcodeRefNull, wasm.RefTypeFuncref, wasm.OpcodeEnd,
 			},
 			exp: wasm.ElementSegment{
 				OffsetExpr: wasm.ConstantExpression{Opcode: wasm.OpcodeI32Const, Data: []byte{0x80, 1}},
-				Init:       []wasm.Index{wasm.ElementInitNullReference, 165675008, wasm.ElementInitNullReference},
+				Init:       []wasm.Index{wasm.ElementInitNullReference, 16256, wasm.ElementInitNullReference},
 				Mode:       wasm.ElementModeActive,
 				Type:       wasm.RefTypeFuncref,
 			},
@@ -310,12 +342,12 @@ func TestDecodeElementSegment(t *testing.T) {
 				3, // number of const expr.
 				wasm.OpcodeRefNull, wasm.RefTypeFuncref, wasm.OpcodeEnd,
 				wasm.OpcodeRefFunc,
-				0x80, 0x80, 0x80, 0x4f, // 165675008 in varint encoding.
+				0x80, 0x7f,
 				wasm.OpcodeEnd,
 				wasm.OpcodeRefNull, wasm.RefTypeFuncref, wasm.OpcodeEnd,
 			},
 			exp: wasm.ElementSegment{
-				Init: []wasm.Index{wasm.ElementInitNullReference, 165675008, wasm.ElementInitNullReference},
+				Init: []wasm.Index{wasm.ElementInitNullReference, 16256, wasm.ElementInitNullReference},
 				Mode: wasm.ElementModePassive,
 				Type: wasm.RefTypeFuncref,
 			},
@@ -342,13 +374,13 @@ func TestDecodeElementSegment(t *testing.T) {
 				3, // number of const expr.
 				wasm.OpcodeRefNull, wasm.RefTypeFuncref, wasm.OpcodeEnd,
 				wasm.OpcodeRefFunc,
-				0x80, 0x80, 0x80, 0x4f, // 165675008 in varint encoding.
+				0x80, 0x7f,
 				wasm.OpcodeEnd,
 				wasm.OpcodeRefNull, wasm.RefTypeFuncref, wasm.OpcodeEnd,
 			},
 			exp: wasm.ElementSegment{
 				OffsetExpr: wasm.ConstantExpression{Opcode: wasm.OpcodeI32Const, Data: []byte{0x80, 1}},
-				Init:       []wasm.Index{wasm.ElementInitNullReference, 165675008, wasm.ElementInitNullReference},
+				Init:       []wasm.Index{wasm.ElementInitNullReference, 16256, wasm.ElementInitNullReference},
 				Mode:       wasm.ElementModeActive,
 				Type:       wasm.RefTypeFuncref,
 			},
@@ -366,13 +398,13 @@ func TestDecodeElementSegment(t *testing.T) {
 				3, // number of const expr.
 				wasm.OpcodeRefNull, wasm.RefTypeFuncref, wasm.OpcodeEnd,
 				wasm.OpcodeRefFunc,
-				0x80, 0x80, 0x80, 0x4f, // 165675008 in varint encoding.
+				0x80, 0x7f,
 				wasm.OpcodeEnd,
 				wasm.OpcodeRefNull, wasm.RefTypeFuncref, wasm.OpcodeEnd,
 			},
 			exp: wasm.ElementSegment{
 				OffsetExpr: wasm.ConstantExpression{Opcode: wasm.OpcodeI32Const, Data: []byte{0x80, 1}},
-				Init:       []wasm.Index{wasm.ElementInitNullReference, 165675008, wasm.ElementInitNullReference},
+				Init:       []wasm.Index{wasm.ElementInitNullReference, 16256, wasm.ElementInitNullReference},
 				Mode:       wasm.ElementModeActive,
 				Type:       wasm.RefTypeFuncref,
 				TableIndex: 10,
@@ -407,11 +439,11 @@ func TestDecodeElementSegment(t *testing.T) {
 				2, // number of const expr.
 				wasm.OpcodeRefNull, wasm.RefTypeFuncref, wasm.OpcodeEnd,
 				wasm.OpcodeRefFunc,
-				0x80, 0x80, 0x80, 0x4f, // 165675008 in varint encoding.
+				0x80, 0x7f,
 				wasm.OpcodeEnd,
 			},
 			exp: wasm.ElementSegment{
-				Init: []wasm.Index{wasm.ElementInitNullReference, 165675008},
+				Init: []wasm.Index{wasm.ElementInitNullReference, 16256},
 				Mode: wasm.ElementModeDeclarative,
 				Type: wasm.RefTypeFuncref,
 			},
diff --git a/internal/wasm/store.go b/internal/wasm/store.go
index 5c40b805..70af5e6f 100644
--- a/internal/wasm/store.go
+++ b/internal/wasm/store.go
@@ -213,10 +213,19 @@ func (m *ModuleInstance) applyElements(elems []ElementSegment) {
 				references[offset+uint32(i)] = Reference(0)
 			}
 		} else {
-			for i, fnIndex := range elem.Init {
-				if fnIndex != ElementInitNullReference {
-					references[offset+uint32(i)] = m.Engine.FunctionInstanceReference(fnIndex)
+			for i, init := range elem.Init {
+				if init == ElementInitNullReference {
+					continue
 				}
+
+				var ref Reference
+				if index, ok := unwrapElementInitGlobalReference(init); ok {
+					global := m.Globals[index]
+					ref = Reference(global.Val)
+				} else {
+					ref = m.Engine.FunctionInstanceReference(index)
+				}
+				references[offset+uint32(i)] = ref
 			}
 		}
 	}
diff --git a/internal/wasm/store_test.go b/internal/wasm/store_test.go
index 383757af..cabe9cc7 100644
--- a/internal/wasm/store_test.go
+++ b/internal/wasm/store_test.go
@@ -933,7 +933,7 @@ func globalsContain(globals []*GlobalInstance, want *GlobalInstance) bool {
 	return false
 }
 
-func TestModuleInstance_applyElementsapplyElements(t *testing.T) {
+func TestModuleInstance_applyElements(t *testing.T) {
 	leb128_100 := leb128.EncodeInt32(100)
 
 	t.Run("extenref", func(t *testing.T) {
@@ -962,7 +962,7 @@ func TestModuleInstance_applyElementsapplyElements(t *testing.T) {
 		me, err := e.NewModuleEngine(nil, nil)
 		me.(*mockModuleEngine).functionRefs = map[Index]Reference{0: 0xa, 1: 0xaa, 2: 0xaaa, 3: 0xaaaa}
 		require.NoError(t, err)
-		m := &ModuleInstance{Engine: me}
+		m := &ModuleInstance{Engine: me, Globals: []*GlobalInstance{{}, {Val: 0xabcde}}}
 
 		m.Tables = []*TableInstance{{Type: RefTypeFuncref, References: make([]Reference, 10)}}
 		for i := range m.Tables[0].References {
@@ -973,15 +973,16 @@ func TestModuleInstance_applyElementsapplyElements(t *testing.T) {
 		m.applyElements([]ElementSegment{{Mode: ElementModeActive, OffsetExpr: ConstantExpression{Opcode: OpcodeI32Const, Data: leb128_100}, Init: []Index{1, 2, 3}}})
 		m.applyElements([]ElementSegment{
 			{Mode: ElementModeActive, OffsetExpr: ConstantExpression{Opcode: OpcodeI32Const, Data: []byte{0}}, Init: []Index{0, 1, 2}},
+			{Mode: ElementModeActive, OffsetExpr: ConstantExpression{Opcode: OpcodeI32Const, Data: []byte{9}}, Init: []Index{1 | ElementInitImportedGlobalFunctionReference}},
 			{Mode: ElementModeActive, OffsetExpr: ConstantExpression{Opcode: OpcodeI32Const, Data: leb128_100}, Init: make([]Index, 5)}, // Iteration stops at this point, so the offset:5 below shouldn't be applied.
 			{Mode: ElementModeActive, OffsetExpr: ConstantExpression{Opcode: OpcodeI32Const, Data: []byte{5}}, Init: make([]Index, 5)},
 		})
-		require.Equal(t, []Reference{0xa, 0xaa, 0xaaa, 0xffff, 0xffff, 0xffff, 0xffff, 0xffff, 0xffff, 0xffff},
+		require.Equal(t, []Reference{0xa, 0xaa, 0xaaa, 0xffff, 0xffff, 0xffff, 0xffff, 0xffff, 0xffff, 0xabcde},
 			m.Tables[0].References)
 		m.applyElements([]ElementSegment{
 			{Mode: ElementModeActive, OffsetExpr: ConstantExpression{Opcode: OpcodeI32Const, Data: []byte{5}}, Init: []Index{0, ElementInitNullReference, 2}},
 		})
-		require.Equal(t, []Reference{0xa, 0xaa, 0xaaa, 0xffff, 0xffff, 0xa, 0xffff, 0xaaa, 0xffff, 0xffff},
+		require.Equal(t, []Reference{0xa, 0xaa, 0xaaa, 0xffff, 0xffff, 0xa, 0xffff, 0xaaa, 0xffff, 0xabcde},
 			m.Tables[0].References)
 	})
 }
diff --git a/internal/wasm/table.go b/internal/wasm/table.go
index cd20fec0..b202e8af 100644
--- a/internal/wasm/table.go
+++ b/internal/wasm/table.go
@@ -76,12 +76,32 @@ type ElementSegment struct {
 	Mode ElementMode
 }
 
-// ElementInitNullReference represents the null reference in ElementSegment's Init.
-// In Wasm spec, an init item represents either Function's Index or null reference,
-// and in wazero, we limit the maximum number of functions available in a module to
-// MaximumFunctionIndex. Therefore, it is safe to use math.MaxUint32 to represent the null
-// reference in Element segments.
-const ElementInitNullReference Index = math.MaxUint32
+const (
+	// ElementInitNullReference represents the null reference in ElementSegment's Init.
+	// In Wasm spec, an init item represents either Function's Index or null reference,
+	// and in wazero, we limit the maximum number of functions available in a module to
+	// MaximumFunctionIndex. Therefore, it is safe to use 1 << 31 to represent the null
+	// reference in Element segments.
+	ElementInitNullReference Index = 1 << 31
+	// ElementInitImportedGlobalFunctionReference represents an init item which is resolved via an imported global constexpr.
+	// The actual function reference stored at Global is only known at instantiation-time, so we set this flag
+	// to items of ElementSegment.Init at binary decoding, and unwrap this flag at instantiation to resolve the value.
+	//
+	// This might collide the init element resolved via ref.func instruction which is resolved with the func index at decoding,
+	// but in practice, that is not allowed in wazero thanks to our limit MaximumFunctionIndex. Thus, it is safe to set this flag
+	// in init element to indicate as such.
+	ElementInitImportedGlobalFunctionReference Index = 1 << 30
+)
+
+// unwrapElementInitGlobalReference takes an item of the init vector of an ElementSegment,
+// and returns the Global index if it is supposed to get generated from a global.
+// ok is true if the given init item is as such.
+func unwrapElementInitGlobalReference(init Index) (_ Index, ok bool) {
+	if init&ElementInitImportedGlobalFunctionReference == ElementInitImportedGlobalFunctionReference {
+		return init &^ ElementInitImportedGlobalFunctionReference, true
+	}
+	return init, false
+}
 
 // IsActive returns true if the element segment is "active" mode which requires the runtime to initialize table
 // with the contents in .Init field.
@@ -135,6 +155,7 @@ func (m *Module) validateTable(enabledFeatures api.CoreFeatures, tables []Table,
 
 	// Create bounds checks as these can err prior to instantiation
 	funcCount := m.ImportFunctionCount + m.SectionElementCount(SectionIDFunction)
+	globalsCount := m.ImportGlobalCount + m.SectionElementCount(SectionIDGlobal)
 
 	// Now, we have to figure out which table elements can be resolved before instantiation and also fail early if there
 	// are any imported globals that are known to be invalid by their declarations.
@@ -145,9 +166,19 @@ func (m *Module) validateTable(enabledFeatures api.CoreFeatures, tables []Table,
 
 		if elem.Type == RefTypeFuncref {
 			// Any offset applied is to the element, not the function index: validate here if the funcidx is sound.
-			for ei, funcIdx := range elem.Init {
-				if funcIdx != ElementInitNullReference && funcIdx >= funcCount {
-					return fmt.Errorf("%s[%d].init[%d] funcidx %d out of range", SectionIDName(SectionIDElement), idx, ei, funcIdx)
+			for ei, init := range elem.Init {
+				if init == ElementInitNullReference {
+					continue
+				}
+				index, ok := unwrapElementInitGlobalReference(init)
+				if ok {
+					if index >= globalsCount {
+						return fmt.Errorf("%s[%d].init[%d] globalidx %d out of range", SectionIDName(SectionIDElement), idx, ei, index)
+					}
+				} else {
+					if index >= funcCount {
+						return fmt.Errorf("%s[%d].init[%d] funcidx %d out of range", SectionIDName(SectionIDElement), idx, ei, index)
+					}
 				}
 			}
 		} else {
diff --git a/internal/wasm/table_test.go b/internal/wasm/table_test.go
index 5d343a32..1c5b2559 100644
--- a/internal/wasm/table_test.go
+++ b/internal/wasm/table_test.go
@@ -528,6 +528,26 @@ func TestModule_validateTable_Errors(t *testing.T) {
 			},
 			expectedErr: "element[0].init[1] funcidx 1 out of range",
 		},
+		{
+			name: "constant derived element offset - global out of range",
+			input: &Module{
+				ImportGlobalCount: 50,
+				TypeSection:       []FunctionType{{}},
+				TableSection:      []Table{{Min: 1}},
+				FunctionSection:   []Index{0},
+				CodeSection:       []Code{codeEnd},
+				ElementSection: []ElementSegment{
+					{
+						OffsetExpr: ConstantExpression{Opcode: OpcodeI32Const, Data: const1}, Init: []Index{
+							ElementInitImportedGlobalFunctionReference | 1,
+							ElementInitImportedGlobalFunctionReference | 100,
+						},
+						Type: RefTypeFuncref,
+					},
+				},
+			},
+			expectedErr: "element[0].init[1] globalidx 100 out of range",
+		},
 		{
 			name: "imported global derived element offset - missing table",
 			input: &Module{
@@ -1052,3 +1072,20 @@ func TestTableInstance_Grow(t *testing.T) {
 		})
 	}
 }
+
+func Test_unwrapElementInitGlobalReference(t *testing.T) {
+	actual, ok := unwrapElementInitGlobalReference(12345 | ElementInitImportedGlobalFunctionReference)
+	require.True(t, ok)
+	require.Equal(t, actual, uint32(12345))
+
+	actual, ok = unwrapElementInitGlobalReference(12345)
+	require.False(t, ok)
+	require.Equal(t, actual, uint32(12345))
+}
+
+// Test_ElementInitSpecials ensures these special consts are larger than MaximumFunctionIndex so that
+// they won't collide with the actual index.
+func Test_ElementInitSpecials(t *testing.T) {
+	require.True(t, ElementInitNullReference > MaximumFunctionIndex)
+	require.True(t, ElementInitImportedGlobalFunctionReference > MaximumFunctionIndex)
+}