diff --git a/pkg/engine/eng_senders.go b/pkg/engine/eng_senders.go
index 5ca533a5..95755eda 100644
--- a/pkg/engine/eng_senders.go
+++ b/pkg/engine/eng_senders.go
@@ -50,7 +50,7 @@ func (ng *Engine) SendGetBalance(alice, bob *sessions.Data, hook responses.Callb
 func (ng *Engine) SendHiddenService(id nonce.ID, key *crypto.Prv,
 	relayRate uint32, port uint16, expiry time.Time,
 	alice, bob *sessions.Data, svc *services.Service,
-	hook responses.Callback) (in *onions.Intro) {
+	hook responses.Callback) (in *onions.IntroAd) {
 
 	hops := sess.StandardCircuit()
 	s := make(sessions.Sessions, len(hops))
@@ -58,7 +58,7 @@ func (ng *Engine) SendHiddenService(id nonce.ID, key *crypto.Prv,
 	se := ng.Manager.SelectHops(hops, s, "sendhiddenservice")
 	var c sessions.Circuit
 	copy(c[:], se[:len(c)])
-	in = onions.NewIntro(id, key, alice.Node.AddrPort, relayRate, port, expiry)
+	in = onions.NewIntroAd(id, key, alice.Node.AddrPort, relayRate, port, expiry)
 	o := onions.MakeHiddenService(in, alice, bob, c, ng.KeySet)
 	log.D.F("%s sending out hidden service onion %s",
 		ng.Manager.GetLocalNodeAddressString(),
@@ -71,7 +71,7 @@ func (ng *Engine) SendHiddenService(id nonce.ID, key *crypto.Prv,
 }
 
 func (ng *Engine) SendIntroQuery(id nonce.ID, hsk *crypto.Pub,
-	alice, bob *sessions.Data, hook func(in *onions.Intro)) {
+	alice, bob *sessions.Data, hook func(in *onions.IntroAd)) {
 
 	fn := func(id nonce.ID, ifc interface{}, b slice.Bytes) (e error) {
 		s := splice.Load(b, slice.NewCursor())
@@ -79,9 +79,9 @@ func (ng *Engine) SendIntroQuery(id nonce.ID, hsk *crypto.Pub,
 		if e = on.Decode(s); fails(e) {
 			return
 		}
-		var oni *onions.Intro
+		var oni *onions.IntroAd
 		var ok bool
-		if oni, ok = on.(*onions.Intro); !ok {
+		if oni, ok = on.(*onions.IntroAd); !ok {
 			return
 		}
 		hook(oni)
diff --git a/pkg/engine/onions/adintro.go b/pkg/engine/onions/adintro.go
index 2255faaa..4673853a 100644
--- a/pkg/engine/onions/adintro.go
+++ b/pkg/engine/onions/adintro.go
@@ -18,10 +18,10 @@ import (
 )
 
 const (
-	IntroMagic = "intr"
+	IntroMagic = "inad"
 	IntroLen   = magic.Len +
 		nonce.IDLen +
-		crypto.PubKeyLen + 1 + 1 +
+		crypto.PubKeyLen + 1 + 4 +
 		splice.AddrLen +
 		slice.Uint16Len +
 		slice.Uint32Len +
@@ -29,7 +29,7 @@ const (
 		crypto.SigLen
 )
 
-type Intro struct {
+type IntroAd struct {
 	ID        nonce.ID        // Ensures never a repeated signature.
 	Key       *crypto.Pub     // Hidden service address.
 	AddrPort  *netip.AddrPort // Introducer address.
@@ -39,7 +39,7 @@ type Intro struct {
 	Sig       crypto.SigBytes
 }
 
-func (x *Intro) Account(
+func (x *IntroAd) Account(
 	res *sess.Data,
 	sm *sess.Manager,
 	s *sessions.Data,
@@ -50,13 +50,14 @@ func (x *Intro) Account(
 	return
 }
 
-func (x *Intro) Decode(s *splice.Splice) (e error) {
+func (x *IntroAd) Decode(s *splice.Splice) (e error) {
 	if e = magic.TooShort(s.Remaining(), IntroLen-magic.Len,
 		IntroMagic); fails(e) {
 
 		return
 	}
-	s.ReadID(&x.ID).
+	s.
+		ReadID(&x.ID).
 		ReadPubkey(&x.Key).
 		ReadAddrPort(&x.AddrPort).
 		ReadUint32(&x.RelayRate).
@@ -66,24 +67,24 @@ func (x *Intro) Decode(s *splice.Splice) (e error) {
 	return
 }
 
-func (x *Intro) Encode(s *splice.Splice) (e error) {
+func (x *IntroAd) Encode(s *splice.Splice) (e error) {
 	log.T.S("encoding", reflect.TypeOf(x),
 		x.ID, x.AddrPort.String(), x.Expiry, x.Sig,
 	)
-	x.Splice(s.Magic(IntroMagic))
+	x.Splice(s)
 	return
 }
 
-func (x *Intro) GetOnion() interface{} { return x }
+func (x *IntroAd) GetOnion() interface{} { return x }
 
 // Gossip means adding to the node's peer message list which will be gossiped by
 // the libp2p network of Indra peers.
-func (x *Intro) Gossip(sm *sess.Manager, c qu.C) {
+func (x *IntroAd) Gossip(sm *sess.Manager, c qu.C) {
 	log.D.F("propagating hidden service intro for %s",
 		x.Key.ToBased32Abbreviated())
 }
 
-func (x *Intro) Handle(s *splice.Splice, p Onion, ng Ngin) (e error) {
+func (x *IntroAd) Handle(s *splice.Splice, p Onion, ng Ngin) (e error) {
 	log.D.Ln("handling intro")
 	ng.GetHidden().Lock()
 	valid := x.Validate()
@@ -117,37 +118,19 @@ func (x *Intro) Handle(s *splice.Splice, p Onion, ng Ngin) (e error) {
 	return
 }
 
-func (x *Intro) Len() int      { return IntroLen }
-func (x *Intro) Magic() string { return IntroMagic }
+func (x *IntroAd) Len() int      { return IntroLen }
+func (x *IntroAd) Magic() string { return IntroMagic }
 
-func (x *Intro) Splice(s *splice.Splice) {
+func (x *IntroAd) Splice(s *splice.Splice) {
 	x.SpliceNoSig(s)
 	s.Signature(x.Sig)
 }
 
-func IntroSplice(
-	s *splice.Splice,
-	id nonce.ID,
-	key *crypto.Pub,
-	ap *netip.AddrPort,
-	relayRate uint32,
-	port uint16,
-	expires time.Time,
-) {
-
-	s.ID(id).
-		Pubkey(key).
-		AddrPort(ap).
-		Uint32(relayRate).
-		Uint16(port).
-		Time(expires)
-}
-
-func (x *Intro) SpliceNoSig(s *splice.Splice) {
+func (x *IntroAd) SpliceNoSig(s *splice.Splice) {
 	IntroSplice(s, x.ID, x.Key, x.AddrPort, x.RelayRate, x.Port, x.Expiry)
 }
 
-func (x *Intro) Validate() bool {
+func (x *IntroAd) Validate() bool {
 	s := splice.New(IntroLen - magic.Len)
 	x.SpliceNoSig(s)
 	hash := sha256.Single(s.GetUntil(s.GetCursor()))
@@ -161,19 +144,38 @@ func (x *Intro) Validate() bool {
 	return false
 }
 
-func (x *Intro) Wrap(inner Onion) {}
+func (x *IntroAd) Wrap(inner Onion) {}
 
-func NewIntro(
+func IntroSplice(
+	s *splice.Splice,
+	id nonce.ID,
+	key *crypto.Pub,
+	ap *netip.AddrPort,
+	relayRate uint32,
+	port uint16,
+	expires time.Time,
+) {
+
+	s.Magic(IntroMagic).
+		ID(id).
+		Pubkey(key).
+		AddrPort(ap).
+		Uint32(relayRate).
+		Uint16(port).
+		Time(expires)
+}
+
+func NewIntroAd(
 	id nonce.ID,
 	key *crypto.Prv,
 	ap *netip.AddrPort,
 	relayRate uint32,
 	port uint16,
 	expires time.Time,
-) (in *Intro) {
+) (in *IntroAd) {
 
 	pk := crypto.DerivePub(key)
-	s := splice.New(IntroLen - magic.Len)
+	s := splice.New(IntroLen)
 	IntroSplice(s, id, pk, ap, relayRate, port, expires)
 	hash := sha256.Single(s.GetUntil(s.GetCursor()))
 	var e error
@@ -181,7 +183,7 @@ func NewIntro(
 	if sign, e = crypto.Sign(key, hash); fails(e) {
 		return nil
 	}
-	in = &Intro{
+	in = &IntroAd{
 		ID:        id,
 		Key:       pk,
 		AddrPort:  ap,
@@ -194,4 +196,4 @@ func NewIntro(
 }
 
 func init()                  { Register(IntroMagic, introGen) }
-func introGen() coding.Codec { return &Intro{} }
+func introGen() coding.Codec { return &IntroAd{} }
diff --git a/pkg/engine/onions/adintro_test.go b/pkg/engine/onions/adintro_test.go
index c2a3e08c..b27bab90 100644
--- a/pkg/engine/onions/adintro_test.go
+++ b/pkg/engine/onions/adintro_test.go
@@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
 package onions
 
 import (
+	"github.com/indra-labs/indra/pkg/util/splice"
 	"testing"
 	"time"
 
@@ -12,26 +13,17 @@ import (
 )
 
 func TestOnionSkins_IntroAd(t *testing.T) {
-	log2.SetLogLevel(log2.Debug)
+	log2.SetLogLevel(log2.Trace)
 	var e error
-	pr, ks, _ := crypto.NewSigner()
+	pr, _, _ := crypto.NewSigner()
 	id := nonce.NewID()
-	in := NewIntro(id, pr, slice.GenerateRandomAddrPortIPv6(),
-		0, 0, time.Now().Add(time.Hour))
-	var prvs crypto.Privs
-	for i := range prvs {
-		prvs[i] = ks.Next()
+	in := NewIntroAd(id, pr, slice.GenerateRandomAddrPortIPv6(),
+		20000, 80, time.Now().Add(time.Hour))
+	log.D.S("intro", in)
+	s := splice.New(in.Len())
+	if e = in.Encode(s); fails(e) {
+		t.FailNow()
 	}
-	var pubs crypto.Pubs
-	for i := range pubs {
-		pubs[i] = crypto.DerivePub(prvs[i])
-	}
-	on1 := Skins{}.
-		Intro(id, pr, in.AddrPort, time.Now().Add(time.Hour))
-	on1 = append(on1, &End{})
-	on := on1.Assemble()
-	s := Encode(on)
-	log.D.S(s.GetAll().ToBytes())
 	s.SetCursor(0)
 	var onc coding.Codec
 	if onc = Recognise(s); onc == nil {
@@ -43,16 +35,32 @@ func TestOnionSkins_IntroAd(t *testing.T) {
 		t.FailNow()
 	}
 	log.D.S(onc)
-	var intro *Intro
+	var intro *IntroAd
 	var ok bool
-	if intro, ok = onc.(*Intro); !ok {
+	if intro, ok = onc.(*IntroAd); !ok {
 		t.Error("did not unwrap expected type")
 		t.FailNow()
 	}
+	if intro.ID != in.ID {
+		t.Errorf("ID did not decode correctly")
+		t.FailNow()
+	}
+	if intro.Port != in.Port {
+		t.Errorf("port did not decode correctly")
+		t.FailNow()
+	}
+	if intro.RelayRate != in.RelayRate {
+		t.Errorf("relay rate did not decode correctly")
+		t.FailNow()
+	}
 	if intro.AddrPort.String() != in.AddrPort.String() {
 		t.Errorf("addrport did not decode correctly")
 		t.FailNow()
 	}
+	if !intro.Key.Equals(crypto.DerivePub(pr)) {
+		t.Errorf("public key did not decode correctly")
+		t.FailNow()
+	}
 	if !intro.Validate() {
 		t.Errorf("received intro did not validate")
 		t.FailNow()
diff --git a/pkg/engine/onions/adpeer.go b/pkg/engine/onions/adpeer.go
index c9ba9c2b..b5d6ee67 100644
--- a/pkg/engine/onions/adpeer.go
+++ b/pkg/engine/onions/adpeer.go
@@ -5,6 +5,7 @@ import (
 	"github.com/indra-labs/indra/pkg/crypto"
 	"github.com/indra-labs/indra/pkg/crypto/nonce"
 	"github.com/indra-labs/indra/pkg/crypto/sha256"
+	"github.com/indra-labs/indra/pkg/engine/coding"
 	"github.com/indra-labs/indra/pkg/engine/magic"
 	"github.com/indra-labs/indra/pkg/engine/sess"
 	"github.com/indra-labs/indra/pkg/engine/sessions"
@@ -17,10 +18,13 @@ const (
 	PeerAdMagic = "prad"
 	PeerAdLen   = magic.Len +
 		nonce.IDLen +
-		slice.Uint64Len +
+		crypto.PubKeyLen +
+		slice.Uint32Len +
 		crypto.SigLen
 )
 
+var _ Ad = &PeerAd{}
+
 // PeerAd is the root identity document for an Indra peer. It is indexed by the
 // Identity field, its public key. The slices found below it are derived via
 // concatenation of strings with the keys and hashing to generate a derived
@@ -31,14 +35,28 @@ const (
 // service from their introduction solicitation, and the index from the current
 // set is given by the hidden service.
 type PeerAd struct {
-	nonce.ID  // To ensure no repeating message
-	Identity  crypto.PubBytes
-	RelayRate int
+	nonce.ID              // To ensure no repeating message
+	Identity  *crypto.Pub // Must match signature.
+	RelayRate uint32      // Zero means not relaying.
 	Sig       crypto.SigBytes
-	// Addresses - first is address, nil for hidden services,
-	// hidden services have more than one, 6 or more are kept active.
-	Addresses    []*AddressAd
-	ServiceInfos []ServiceAd
+}
+
+func NewPeerAd(
+	id nonce.ID,
+	key *crypto.Prv,
+	relayRate uint32,
+) (pa *PeerAd) {
+
+	pa = &PeerAd{
+		ID:        id,
+		Identity:  crypto.DerivePub(key),
+		RelayRate: relayRate,
+	}
+	var e error
+	if e = pa.Sign(key); fails(e) {
+		return
+	}
+	return
 }
 
 func (x *PeerAd) Account(res *sess.Data, sm *sess.Manager, s *sessions.Data, last bool) (skip bool, sd *sessions.Data) {
@@ -47,19 +65,20 @@ func (x *PeerAd) Account(res *sess.Data, sm *sess.Manager, s *sessions.Data, las
 }
 
 func (x *PeerAd) Decode(s *splice.Splice) (e error) {
-	var v uint64
-	s.ReadID(&x.ID).ReadUint64(&v)
-	s.ReadSignature(&x.Sig)
-	x.RelayRate = int(v)
+	s.ReadID(&x.ID).
+		ReadPubkey(&x.Identity).
+		ReadUint32(&x.RelayRate).
+		ReadSignature(&x.Sig)
 	return nil
 }
 
 func (x *PeerAd) Encode(s *splice.Splice) (e error) {
-	s.ID(x.ID).Uint64(uint64(x.RelayRate))
+	s.Magic(PeerAdMagic)
+	x.Splice(s)
 	return nil
 }
 
-func (x *PeerAd) GetOnion() interface{} { return nil }
+func (x *PeerAd) GetOnion() interface{}           { return nil }
 func (x *PeerAd) Gossip(sm *sess.Manager, c qu.C) {}
 func (x *PeerAd) Handle(s *splice.Splice, p Onion, ni Ngin) (e error) {
 	return nil
@@ -85,17 +104,30 @@ func (x *PeerAd) Sign(prv *crypto.Prv) (e error) {
 }
 
 func (x *PeerAd) Splice(s *splice.Splice) {
-	s.
-		ID(x.ID).
-		Uint64(uint64(x.RelayRate))
+	s.ID(x.ID).
+		Pubkey(x.Identity).
+		Uint32(x.RelayRate).
+		Signature(x.Sig)
 }
 
-func (x *PeerAd) Validate(s *splice.Splice) (pk *crypto.Pub) {
-	h := sha256.Single(s.GetRange(0, nonce.IDLen+slice.Uint64Len))
+func (x *PeerAd) SpliceNoSig(s *splice.Splice) {
+	s.ID(x.ID).
+		Pubkey(x.Identity).
+		Uint32(x.RelayRate).
+		Signature(x.Sig)
+}
+
+func (x *PeerAd) Validate() (valid bool) {
+	s := splice.New(x.Len())
+	x.SpliceNoSig(s)
+	h := sha256.Single(s.GetUntil(s.GetCursor()))
 	var e error
+	var pk *crypto.Pub
 	if pk, e = x.Sig.Recover(h); fails(e) {
 	}
-	return
+	return pk != nil
 }
 
 func (x *PeerAd) Wrap(inner Onion) {}
+func init()                        { Register(PeerAdMagic, peerAdGen) }
+func peerAdGen() coding.Codec      { return &PeerAd{} }
diff --git a/pkg/engine/onions/adpeer_test.go b/pkg/engine/onions/adpeer_test.go
index 7664ded8..d9bf37d2 100644
--- a/pkg/engine/onions/adpeer_test.go
+++ b/pkg/engine/onions/adpeer_test.go
@@ -1,50 +1,47 @@
 package onions
 
-//
-//func TestOnionSkins_PeerAd(t *testing.T) {
-//	log2.SetLogLevel(log2.Debug)
-//	var e error
-//	pr, ks, _ := crypto.NewSigner()
-//	id := nonce.NewID()
-//	in := NewPeerAd(id, pr, slice.GenerateRandomAddrPortIPv6(),
-//		0, 0, time.Now().Add(time.Hour))
-//	var prvs crypto.Privs
-//	for i := range prvs {
-//		prvs[i] = ks.Next()
-//	}
-//	var pubs crypto.Pubs
-//	for i := range pubs {
-//		pubs[i] = crypto.DerivePub(prvs[i])
-//	}
-//	on1 := Skins{}.
-//		PeerAd(id, pr, in.AddrPort, time.Now().Add(time.Hour))
-//	on1 = append(on1, &End{})
-//	on := on1.Assemble()
-//	s := Encode(on)
-//	log.D.S(s.GetAll().ToBytes())
-//	s.SetCursor(0)
-//	var onc coding.Codec
-//	if onc = Recognise(s); onc == nil {
-//		t.Error("did not unwrap")
-//		t.FailNow()
-//	}
-//	if e = onc.Decode(s); fails(e) {
-//		t.Error("did not decode")
-//		t.FailNow()
-//	}
-//	log.D.S(onc)
-//	var intro *PeerAd
-//	var ok bool
-//	if intro, ok = onc.(*PeerAd); !ok {
-//		t.Error("did not unwrap expected type")
-//		t.FailNow()
-//	}
-//	if intro.AddrPort.String() != in.AddrPort.String() {
-//		t.Errorf("addrport did not decode correctly")
-//		t.FailNow()
-//	}
-//	if !intro.Validate() {
-//		t.Errorf("received intro did not validate")
-//		t.FailNow()
-//	}
-//}
+import (
+	"github.com/indra-labs/indra/pkg/crypto"
+	"github.com/indra-labs/indra/pkg/crypto/nonce"
+	"github.com/indra-labs/indra/pkg/engine/coding"
+	log2 "github.com/indra-labs/indra/pkg/proc/log"
+	"github.com/indra-labs/indra/pkg/util/splice"
+	"testing"
+)
+
+func TestOnionSkins_PeerAd(t *testing.T) {
+	log2.SetLogLevel(log2.Trace)
+	var e error
+	pr, _, _ := crypto.NewSigner()
+	id := nonce.NewID()
+	peerAd := NewPeerAd(id, pr, 20000)
+	s := splice.New(peerAd.Len())
+	if e = peerAd.Encode(s); fails(e) {
+		t.FailNow()
+	}
+	s.SetCursor(0)
+	var onc coding.Codec
+	if onc = Recognise(s); onc == nil {
+		t.Error("did not unwrap")
+		t.FailNow()
+	}
+	if e = onc.Decode(s); fails(e) {
+		t.Error("did not decode")
+		t.FailNow()
+	}
+	log.D.S(onc)
+	var pa *PeerAd
+	var ok bool
+	if pa, ok = onc.(*PeerAd); !ok {
+		t.Error("did not unwrap expected type")
+		t.FailNow()
+	}
+	if pa.RelayRate != peerAd.RelayRate {
+		t.Errorf("relay rate did not decode correctly")
+		t.FailNow()
+	}
+	if !pa.Validate() {
+		t.Errorf("received intro did not validate")
+		t.FailNow()
+	}
+}
diff --git a/pkg/engine/onions/adservice.go b/pkg/engine/onions/adservice.go
index 4e27f477..62f4c50c 100644
--- a/pkg/engine/onions/adservice.go
+++ b/pkg/engine/onions/adservice.go
@@ -6,6 +6,7 @@ import (
 	"github.com/indra-labs/indra/pkg/crypto/nonce"
 	"github.com/indra-labs/indra/pkg/crypto/sha256"
 	"github.com/indra-labs/indra/pkg/engine/coding"
+	"github.com/indra-labs/indra/pkg/engine/magic"
 	"github.com/indra-labs/indra/pkg/engine/sess"
 	"github.com/indra-labs/indra/pkg/engine/sessions"
 	"github.com/indra-labs/indra/pkg/util/qu"
@@ -14,9 +15,11 @@ import (
 )
 
 const (
-	ServiceAdMagic = "intr"
-	ServiceAdLen   = nonce.IDLen +
-		2*slice.Uint16Len +
+	ServiceAdMagic = "svad"
+	ServiceAdLen   = magic.Len +
+		nonce.IDLen +
+		crypto.PubKeyLen +
+		slice.Uint16Len +
 		slice.Uint32Len +
 		crypto.SigLen
 )
@@ -27,26 +30,29 @@ const (
 // "/service/N" where N is the index of the entry. A zero value at an index
 // signals to stop scanning for more subsequent values.
 type ServiceAd struct {
-	ID        nonce.ID // To ensure no repeating message
-	Index     uint16   // This is the index in the slice from Peer.
+	ID        nonce.ID    // To ensure no repeating message.
+	Key       *crypto.Pub // Server offering service.
 	Port      uint16
 	RelayRate uint32
 	Sig       crypto.SigBytes
 }
 
-func (x *ServiceAd) Account(res *sess.Data, sm *sess.Manager, s *sessions.Data, last bool) (skip bool, sd *sessions.Data) {
+func (x *ServiceAd) Account(res *sess.Data, sm *sess.Manager,
+	s *sessions.Data, last bool) (skip bool, sd *sessions.Data) {
+
 	return false, nil
 }
 
 func (x *ServiceAd) Decode(s *splice.Splice) (e error) {
 	s.ReadID(&x.ID).
-		ReadUint16(&x.Index).
+		ReadPubkey(&x.Key).
 		ReadUint16(&x.Port).
-		ReadUint32(&x.RelayRate)
+		ReadUint32(&x.RelayRate).
+		ReadSignature(&x.Sig)
 	return
 }
 func (x *ServiceAd) Encode(s *splice.Splice) (e error) {
-	x.Splice(s.Magic(ServiceAdMagic))
+	x.Splice(s)
 	return
 }
 
@@ -81,22 +87,70 @@ func (x *ServiceAd) Sign(prv *crypto.Prv) (e error) {
 }
 
 func (x *ServiceAd) Splice(s *splice.Splice) {
-	s.ID(x.ID).
-		Uint16(x.Index).
-		Uint16(x.Port).
-		Uint32(x.RelayRate)
+	x.SpliceNoSig(s)
+	s.Signature(x.Sig)
 }
 
-func (x *ServiceAd) Validate(s *splice.Splice) (pub *crypto.Pub) {
-	h := sha256.Single(s.GetRange(0, nonce.IDLen+2*slice.Uint16Len+
-		slice.Uint64Len))
-	var e error
-	if pub, e = x.Sig.Recover(h); fails(e) {
+func (x *ServiceAd) SpliceNoSig(s *splice.Splice) {
+	ServiceSplice(s, x.ID, x.Key, x.RelayRate, x.Port)
+}
+
+func (x *ServiceAd) Validate() (valid bool) {
+	s := splice.New(IntroLen - magic.Len)
+	x.SpliceNoSig(s)
+	hash := sha256.Single(s.GetUntil(s.GetCursor()))
+	key, e := x.Sig.Recover(hash)
+	if fails(e) {
+		return false
 	}
-	return
+	if key.Equals(x.Key) {
+		return true
+	}
+	return false
 }
 
 func (x *ServiceAd) Wrap(inner Onion) {}
 
+func ServiceSplice(
+	s *splice.Splice,
+	id nonce.ID,
+	key *crypto.Pub,
+	relayRate uint32,
+	port uint16,
+) {
+
+	s.Magic(ServiceAdMagic).
+		ID(id).
+		Pubkey(key).
+		Uint16(port).
+		Uint32(relayRate)
+}
+
+func NewServiceAd(
+	id nonce.ID,
+	key *crypto.Prv,
+	relayRate uint32,
+	port uint16,
+) (sv *ServiceAd) {
+
+	s := splice.New(IntroLen)
+	k := crypto.DerivePub(key)
+	ServiceSplice(s, id, k, relayRate, port)
+	hash := sha256.Single(s.GetUntil(s.GetCursor()))
+	var e error
+	var sign crypto.SigBytes
+	if sign, e = crypto.Sign(key, hash); fails(e) {
+		return nil
+	}
+	sv = &ServiceAd{
+		ID:        id,
+		Key:       k,
+		RelayRate: relayRate,
+		Port:      port,
+		Sig:       sign,
+	}
+	return
+}
+
 func init()                      { Register(ServiceAdMagic, serviceAdGen) }
-func serviceAdGen() coding.Codec { return &Intro{} }
+func serviceAdGen() coding.Codec { return &ServiceAd{} }
diff --git a/pkg/engine/onions/adservice_test.go b/pkg/engine/onions/adservice_test.go
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..a77b14ba
--- /dev/null
+++ b/pkg/engine/onions/adservice_test.go
@@ -0,0 +1,56 @@
+package onions
+
+import (
+	"github.com/indra-labs/indra/pkg/crypto"
+	"github.com/indra-labs/indra/pkg/crypto/nonce"
+	"github.com/indra-labs/indra/pkg/engine/coding"
+	log2 "github.com/indra-labs/indra/pkg/proc/log"
+	"github.com/indra-labs/indra/pkg/util/splice"
+	"testing"
+)
+
+func TestOnionSkins_ServiceAd(t *testing.T) {
+	log2.SetLogLevel(log2.Trace)
+	var e error
+	pr, _, _ := crypto.NewSigner()
+	id := nonce.NewID()
+	sv := NewServiceAd(id, pr, 20000, 80)
+	log.D.S("service", sv)
+	s := splice.New(sv.Len())
+	if e = sv.Encode(s); fails(e) {
+		t.FailNow()
+	}
+	s.SetCursor(0)
+	var onc coding.Codec
+	if onc = Recognise(s); onc == nil {
+		t.Error("did not unwrap")
+		t.FailNow()
+	}
+	if e = onc.Decode(s); fails(e) {
+		t.Error("did not decode")
+		t.FailNow()
+	}
+	log.D.S(onc)
+	var svcAd *ServiceAd
+	var ok bool
+	if svcAd, ok = onc.(*ServiceAd); !ok {
+		t.Error("did not unwrap expected type")
+		t.FailNow()
+	}
+	if svcAd.RelayRate != sv.RelayRate {
+		t.Errorf("relay rate did not decode correctly")
+		t.FailNow()
+	}
+	if svcAd.Port != sv.Port {
+		t.Errorf("port did not decode correctly")
+		t.FailNow()
+	}
+	if !svcAd.Key.Equals(crypto.DerivePub(pr)) {
+		t.Errorf("public key did not decode correctly")
+		t.FailNow()
+	}
+	if !svcAd.Validate() {
+		t.Errorf("received service ad did not validate")
+		t.FailNow()
+	}
+}
diff --git a/pkg/engine/onions/hidden.go b/pkg/engine/onions/hidden.go
index d17d9cab..d66d1672 100644
--- a/pkg/engine/onions/hidden.go
+++ b/pkg/engine/onions/hidden.go
@@ -17,7 +17,7 @@ type Hidden struct {
 }
 
 func (hr *Hidden) AddHiddenService(svc *services.Service, key *crypto.Prv,
-	in *Intro, addr string) {
+	in *IntroAd, addr string) {
 	pk := crypto.DerivePub(key).ToBytes()
 	hr.Lock()
 	log.I.F("%s added hidden service with key %s", addr, pk)
@@ -42,7 +42,7 @@ func (hr *Hidden) AddIntro(pk *crypto.Pub, intro *Introduction) {
 	hr.Unlock()
 }
 
-func (hr *Hidden) AddIntroToHiddenService(key crypto.PubBytes, in *Intro) {
+func (hr *Hidden) AddIntroToHiddenService(key crypto.PubBytes, in *IntroAd) {
 	hr.Lock()
 	hr.Services[key].CurrentIntros = append(hr.Services[key].
 		CurrentIntros, in)
@@ -140,7 +140,7 @@ func (hr *Hidden) FindIntroductionUnsafe(
 	return
 }
 
-func (hr *Hidden) FindKnownIntro(key crypto.PubBytes) (intro *Intro) {
+func (hr *Hidden) FindKnownIntro(key crypto.PubBytes) (intro *IntroAd) {
 	hr.Lock()
 	var ok bool
 	if intro, ok = hr.KnownIntros[key]; ok {
@@ -149,17 +149,17 @@ func (hr *Hidden) FindKnownIntro(key crypto.PubBytes) (intro *Intro) {
 	return
 }
 
-func (hr *Hidden) FindKnownIntroUnsafe(key crypto.PubBytes) (intro *Intro) {
+func (hr *Hidden) FindKnownIntroUnsafe(key crypto.PubBytes) (intro *IntroAd) {
 	var ok bool
 	if intro, ok = hr.KnownIntros[key]; ok {
 	}
 	return
 }
 
-type KnownIntros map[crypto.PubBytes]*Intro
+type KnownIntros map[crypto.PubBytes]*IntroAd
 type LocalHiddenService struct {
 	Prv           *crypto.Prv
-	CurrentIntros []*Intro
+	CurrentIntros []*IntroAd
 	*services.Service
 }
 type MyIntros map[crypto.PubBytes]*Introduction
diff --git a/pkg/engine/onions/hiddenservice.go b/pkg/engine/onions/hiddenservice.go
index 460f72ca..987d597b 100644
--- a/pkg/engine/onions/hiddenservice.go
+++ b/pkg/engine/onions/hiddenservice.go
@@ -20,7 +20,7 @@ const (
 )
 
 type HiddenService struct {
-	Intro Intro
+	Intro IntroAd
 	// Ciphers is a set of 3 symmetric ciphers that are to be used in their
 	// given order over the reply message from the service.
 	crypto.Ciphers
diff --git a/pkg/engine/onions/introquery.go b/pkg/engine/onions/introquery.go
index 0a3732f7..d220c379 100644
--- a/pkg/engine/onions/introquery.go
+++ b/pkg/engine/onions/introquery.go
@@ -73,11 +73,11 @@ func (x *IntroQuery) Handle(s *splice.Splice, p Onion, ng Ngin) (e error) {
 	log.D.Ln(ng.Mgr().GetLocalNodeAddressString(), "handling introquery", x.ID,
 		x.Key.ToBased32Abbreviated())
 	var ok bool
-	var il *Intro
+	var il *IntroAd
 	if il, ok = ng.GetHidden().KnownIntros[x.Key.ToBytes()]; !ok {
 		// if the reply is zeroes the querant knows it needs to retry at a
 		// different relay
-		il = &Intro{}
+		il = &IntroAd{}
 		ng.GetHidden().Unlock()
 		log.E.Ln("intro not known")
 		return
diff --git a/pkg/engine/onions/intros.go b/pkg/engine/onions/intros.go
index 384f9dc8..65a7b65e 100644
--- a/pkg/engine/onions/intros.go
+++ b/pkg/engine/onions/intros.go
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 package onions
 
 type Introduction struct {
-	Intro *Intro
+	Intro *IntroAd
 	ReplyHeader
 }
diff --git a/pkg/engine/onions/onion_skins.go b/pkg/engine/onions/onion_skins.go
index 81ae222f..82487fd7 100644
--- a/pkg/engine/onions/onion_skins.go
+++ b/pkg/engine/onions/onion_skins.go
@@ -213,7 +213,7 @@ func (h *Headers) ExitPoint() *ExitPoint {
 	}
 }
 
-func (o Skins) HiddenService(in *Intro, point *ExitPoint) Skins {
+func (o Skins) HiddenService(in *IntroAd, point *ExitPoint) Skins {
 	return append(o, &HiddenService{
 		Intro:   *in,
 		Ciphers: crypto.GenCiphers(point.Keys, point.ReturnPubs),
@@ -224,7 +224,13 @@ func (o Skins) HiddenService(in *Intro, point *ExitPoint) Skins {
 
 func (o Skins) Intro(id nonce.ID, key *crypto.Prv, ap *netip.AddrPort,
 	expires time.Time) (sk Skins) {
-	return append(o, NewIntro(id, key, ap, 0, 0, expires))
+	return append(o, NewIntroAd(id, key, ap, 0, 0, expires))
+}
+
+func (o Skins) PeerAd(id nonce.ID, key *crypto.Prv, ap *netip.AddrPort,
+	relayRate uint32, port uint16, expires time.Time) (sk Skins) {
+
+	return append(o, NewPeerAd(id, key, relayRate))
 }
 
 func (o Skins) IntroQuery(id nonce.ID, hsk *crypto.Pub, exit *ExitPoint) Skins {
@@ -267,7 +273,7 @@ func MakeGetBalance(p GetBalanceParams) Skins {
 		RoutingHeader(headers.Return)
 }
 
-func MakeHiddenService(in *Intro, alice, bob *sessions.Data,
+func MakeHiddenService(in *IntroAd, alice, bob *sessions.Data,
 	c sessions.Circuit, ks *crypto.KeySet) Skins {
 
 	headers := GetHeaders(alice, bob, c, ks)